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Analysing food and fish consumption patterns in Nigeria: Insights from catfish consumption in Ijare, Akure North, Ondo State

Federal University of Technology Akure, Dept. of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Nigeria

Abstract

Food and fish consumption patterns is essential for addressing nutrition, food security, and sustainable livelihoods in Nigeria. This study examines the patterns of food and fish consumption in Nigeria, drawing insights from catfish consumption. in Ijare Town, Akure North Metropolis, Ondo State, Nigeria, with a specific focus on the gender dynamics influencing dietary behaviours and household food distribution. Through a combination of surveys, interviews, and direct observation, the research explores consumption frequency, cultural preferences, and socio-economic factors such as income, availability, and education.
Findings indicate an equal gender representation among respondents (50% male, 50% female), predominantly aged 30–49 years (36.7%), with Christianity as the dominant religion (70%) and most participants being married (66.7%). All respondents had received some form of education, with traders forming the largest occupational group and students comprising 16.7%. Taste (50%) and nutritional value (30%) emerged as the primary motivations for catfish consumption, followed by price (13.3%) and availability (6.7%). Smoked catfish was the most preferred form (50%), and high protein content was the most cited nutritional benefit (83.3%), with fewer mentions of vitamins (6.7%), minerals (3.3%), and low-calorie content. Importantly, the study reveals significant gendered patterns in intra-household consumption. Fathers were identified as the primary consumers (46.7%), while mothers and children shared secondary consumption roles equally (26.5% each), suggesting disparities in food allocation and preference shaped by traditional gender roles. This gendered consumption hierarchy underscores broader societal norms regarding food access, control, and nutritional prioritisation within households. By highlighting both the cultural and gendered dimensions of catfish consumption, the findings enhance our understanding of the complex social and gendered dimensions of dietary practices in the community. It emphasises the importance of incorporating gender-sensitive approaches in nutritional education, food marketing, and sustainable dietary interventions.

Keywords: Akure, catfish, consumption, gender centric, metropolis, patterns

Contact Address: Lydia Adeleke, Federal University of Technology Akure, Dept. of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Akure, Nigeria, e-mail: mosunmolalydiagmail.com