Tropentag 2021, September 15 - 17, hybrid conference, Germany "Towards shifting paradigms in agriculture for a healthy and sustainable future"

Composition, Nutritional Value and Uses of Ricinodendron heudelotii, Vitex doniana and Cleome gynandra Seeds Oil

¹Faculty of Agricutural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, School of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Technology, Benin
²National University of Agriculture, Laboratory of Food and Bio-Resources Science and Technology and Human Nutrition, Benin

Abstract

Ricinodendron heudelotii, Vitex doniana and Cleome gynandra are three indigenous plant species whose seeds contain oil that can provide interesting alternatives to conventional seed oil species. This review focused on the physicochemical characteristics of their seeds and the nutritional properties of the oils extracted from these seeds. For that purpose, scientific articles and reports were collected and needed information was extracted and synthesized. Results showed that, compared to R. heudelotii very little work has been done on V. doniana and C. gynandra seeds and their oil. The oil content of R. heudelotii seeds is about twice higher (51.83 mg/100 g) than that of V. doniana (28.55 mg/100 g) and C. gynandra (27.35 mg/100 g). Seed oils of all the three species are polyunsaturated oils. R. heudelotii seed oil is composed mainly of linoleic acid (28.3-51.1%) and a polyunsaturated fatty acid found to be a-eleaostearic acid (49.3-51.1%). C. gynandra seeds oil is composed mainly of linoleic acid (56.3%-61.1%) and oleic acid (19.6-23.9%). No information is available on fatty acid composition of V. doniana seed oil. Several oil extraction methods have been tested for R. heudelotii seeds, including aqueous extraction and extraction by pressing while for V. doniana and C. gynandra seeds, the oils are extracted by soxhlet using petroleum ether (60–80°C). Some essays have been carried out on the possible applications of the oils. Thus, R. heudelotii seed oil is a potential renewable candidate for the preparation of fast drying binder and resins, suitable for industry and surface coating application. V. doniana seed oil can be used for the production of resin, paint and skin cream production. No application of C. gynandra seed oil has been stated.

Keywords: Applications, composition, nutritional value, oil, seeds

Contact Address: Flora Josiane Chadare, National University of Agriculture, Laboratory of Food and Bio-Resources Science and Technology and Human Nutrition, Sakété, Benin, e-mail: fchadaregmail.com