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\hypersetup{pdftitle={'Food and Nutrition Security and its Resilience to Global Crises},pdfauthor={Roland Suluku, Abu Macavoray, Moinina Kallon},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2020: Abstract},pdfkeywords={ resilience, food security, hunger, nutritional security, Population},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 9-11, 2020, virtual conference}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Food and nutrition security and its resilience\\ to global crises''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{'Food and Nutrition Security and its Resilience to Global Crises\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Roland Suluku, Njala University, Animal Science, 14-Lquaters njala University njala Campus, +232~Freetown, Sierra Leone, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{rsuluku@njala.edu.sl}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Roland Suluku, Abu Macavoray, Moinina Kallon}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Njala University, Animal Science, Sierra Leone}}}
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\index[author]{Suluku, Roland}
\index[author]{Macavoray, Abu}
\index[author]{Kallon, Moinina}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
An estimated 795 people suffer from chronic hunger and two billion affected by food insecurity, including Sierra Leone. Critical to food and nutritional security is the animal protein intake by the majority of the population, particularly those living in remote rural communities.  A combination of short and long term catastrophes and multiple factors, such as natural disasters, conflict, financial crises, climate change, and epidemic, or pandemic exacerbate food and nutritional insecurity in Sierra Leone. These factors have led to significant disequilibrium in livestock production, distribution, and consumption pattern resulting in new food security, nutrition, and health constraints in Sierra Leone.  Combined effects lead to shock, stress,  Livestock population displacement, income,  food and nutrition security, lack of policies and government and donor support, and poverty.  Mitigating the short and long term issues requires building the resilience of livestock farmers, families households, communities, towns, and villages, government and donor support in the country as a whole. Critical analysis to identify multiple factors using the one health concept across livestock sectors through early warning systems is crucial to obtain information on the impact, output, outcome, and services to support resilience building among livestock farmers along the livestock value chain. Such a result will build sustainable food and nutritional security among livestock owners.  The objective of this study is to present possible solutions to how livestock farmers across sierra leone develop different strategies during the short and long term food and nutrition security in the country, how people cope during the periods of food and nutrition security.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:}  resilience, food security, hunger, nutritional security, Population
\index[key]{ resilience}
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Hunger}
\index[key]{Nutritional security}
\index[key]{Population}
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