\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={A Gendered Analysis of the \textit{Ziziphus mauritiana}’s State in Muzarabani District, Zimbabwe},pdfauthor={Anyway Katanha, Itai Vincent Tanyanyiwa, Eromose E. Ebhuoma},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2020: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Actor network theory, gender, provitamin C, Ziziphus mauritiana },pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2020.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2020.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 9-11, 2020, virtual conference}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Food and nutrition security and its resilience\\ to global crises''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{A Gendered Analysis of the \textit{Ziziphus mauritiana}’s State in Muzarabani District, Zimbabwe\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Anyway Katanha, Zimbabwe Open University, Dept. of Geography and Environmental Studies, 209 Hay Rd Bindura. Mashonaland Regional Campus Zimbabwe, Bindura, Zimbabwe, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{akatanhaa@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Anyway Katanha$^{1}$, Itai Vincent Tanyanyiwa$^{1}$, Eromose E. Ebhuoma$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Zimbabwe Open University, Dept. of Geography and Environmental Studies, Zimbabwe}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of South Africa, School of Environmental Sciences, South Africa}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Katanha, Anyway}
\index[author]{Tanyanyiwa, Itai Vincent}
\index[author]{Ebhuoma, Eromose E.}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Globally, efforts are underway to develop and domesticate wild fruit trees with improved levels of provitamin C. Efforts are directed to help fight dietary deficiency for the resource"=poor rural farmers.  \textit{Ziziphus mauritiana} (\textit{Zm}). is the most dominant and widely used wild fruit tree species in the semi- arid region of Muzarabani District in Zimbabwe. Zm contributes to food security.  Since \textit{Zm} is the most important wild fruit in the study site, a test run breeding programm.~was instigated to develop improved  provitamin C varieties, with some genetic copies already tested in highly developed yield choice trial stages. There is need to comprehend the gendered"=based restrictions and opportunities leading rural farmers’ decisions to grow \textit{Zm}. The study uses a mixed methodology guided by the Actor Network Theory and logistic regression computation to establish diverse actors, predictors of ability and willingness to grow \textit{Zm}. All respondents ranging from youth, women and men, were aware of \textit{Zm}’s importance and the continuous loss of the fruit tree in Zimbabwe. Also, at least \mbox{81\,\%} of the respondents produced and owned the \textit{Zm} cultivar. Engagingly, men and women distinct out early seasoned maturity and high \textit{Zm} fresh fruit harvest as attributes controlling their preference for the \textit{Zm}. The study also found that women executed the bulk of the value chain activities including production, regeneration and processing of \textit{Zm}, with men predominantly involved in land preparation, pruning and protecting of products. Nonetheless, both women and men showed strong indication of acceptance and willingness to cultivate \textit{Zm}, which is an encouragement for prospective uptake of such \textit{Zm} varieties in the future. Yet, there is poor knowledge on the nutritional benefits of \textit{Zm}. Scarcity of knowledge signifies the need for nutritional edification when propagating improved provitamin C varieties. The study presents the need to breed provitamin C \textit{Zm} varieties that have farmer"=desired traits amidst over harvesting and disease resistance. Thus, an output that could be accomplished through undertaking all actors’ should be taken on board on variety selection trials.}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Actor network theory, gender, provitamin C, \textit{Ziziphus mauritiana}
\index[key]{Actor-network theory}
\index[key]{Gender}
\index[key]{Provitamin C}
\index[key]{Ziziphus mauritiana @\textit{Ziziphus mauritiana }}
\end{document}
