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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Comparative Performance of Sheep and Goats Raised in Water"=Limited Areas},pdfauthor={Helmy Metawi, Ahmed Ali},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2020: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Water scarcity, goats, production, profitability, sheep, survey},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 9-11, 2020, virtual conference}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Food and nutrition security and its resilience\\ to global crises''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Comparative Performance of Sheep and Goats Raised in Water"=Limited Areas\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Helmy Metawi, Animal Production Research Institute, Sheep and Goats Research, 5 Nadi Elsaid Str.Dokki, Giza, 16128 Dokki~Cairo, Egypt, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{hrmmetawi@hotmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Helmy Metawi$^{1}$, Ahmed Ali$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Animal Production Research Institute, Sheep and Goats Research, Egypt}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$ Animal Production Research, Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt, Sheep and Goats Research, }}}
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\index[author]{Metawi, Helmy}
\index[author]{Ali, Ahmed}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
This study was conducted in the northwestern coastal region of Egypt. The study area was intentionally chosen to include dry climatic conditions in order to assess the effect of water availability on the performance of both sheep and goats. The study area was subdivided into two agro ecological zones: Dabaa (DA) and Sidi Barani (SB). The annual rainfall in the study area averaged 108 mm for DA and 259 mm for SB during the period from 2005 to 2015. Data were collected from a total of 100 small ruminants keepers using a survey based on structured questionnaires. The results showed different contributions of the types of small ruminants to the livelihood of the family according to its capital assets. The share of small ruminants in the household economy ranged from \mbox{47.22\,\%} in the SB to \mbox{73.9\,\%} in the DA In DA district, sheep productivity was \mbox{30.3\,\%}  lower and total annual variable  costs/ewe were  \mbox{19\,\%} higher in  the DA district than in SB district. The corresponding figures in goats were \mbox{22.3\,\%} and \mbox{14\,\%}, respectively. The degree of dependence on rangelands is the main reason for the variability of feed costs in the two rain fall districts.The returns on capital invested in sheep production were 22.3 and  \mbox{14.4\,\%} for SB and DA, respectively. The corresponding figures for goat production were 20.4 and \mbox{16.7\,\%}, respectively. Our findings support that goats   raised under a less favourable environment perform better than sheep. In areas with limited water, household livelihoods can be improved by developing appropriate strategies to reduce the cost of animal feed. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Water scarcity, goats, production, profitability, sheep, survey
\index[key]{Water scarcity}
\index[key]{Goats}
\index[key]{Production}
\index[key]{Profitability}
\index[key]{Sheep}
\index[key]{Survey}
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