\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Relationship Between Dietary and Serum Aflatoxin Levels and Nutritional Status of Children of 6--24 Months},pdfauthor={Emmanuel Alamu, Therese Gondwe, Juliet Akello, Mweshi Mukanga, Busie Maziya-Dixon},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2018: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Aflatoxin, children, complementary foods, dietary exposure, nutritional status},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2018.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2018.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 17-19, 2018, Ghent}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Global food security and food safety:\\The role of universities''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Relationship Between Dietary and Serum Aflatoxin Levels and Nutritional Status of Children of 6--24 Months\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Busie Maziya-Dixon, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Research for Development, Oyo Road, 200001~Ibadan, Nigeria, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{B.Maziya-Dixon@cgiar.org}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Emmanuel Alamu$^{1}$, Therese Gondwe$^{1}$, Juliet Akello$^{2}$, Mweshi Mukanga$^{3}$, Busie Maziya-Dixon$^{1}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Zambia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Zambia Agricultural Research Institute (ZARI), Zambia}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Alamu, Emmanuel}
\index[author]{Gondwe, Therese}
\index[author]{Akello, Juliet}
\index[author]{Mukanga, Mweshi}
\index[author]{Maziya-Dixon, Busie}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In Chipata and Monze districts of Zambia, most of the mothers/caregivers use cereal"=based complementary foods that are prone to aflatoxin contamination. This study aimed at evaluating aflatoxin exposure in children 6--24 months and its effect on their nutritional status. The study covered 400 mothers having children 6--24 months. The nutritional status of children was assessed by measuring weight and height using standard procedures and height"=for-age, weight"=for-age and weight"=for-height indices were determined using WHO-Anthro software 2006.  The children serum samples were analysed for aflatoxin B1-lysine (AFB-Lys) using high performance liquid chromatography--electrospray tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-\linebreak{}MS/MS), and normalised to serum albumin (Alb+) determined by use of a colourimetric assay on a clinical analyzer. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to find the factors affecting child stunting level. A total of \mbox{19.82\,\%} of the children were stunted, \mbox{9.78\,\%} underweight and \mbox{2.85\,\%} were wasted. The AFB-Lys for children from Chipata children ranged from 0.03 to 6.4\,ng\,mL\textsuperscript{-1} and that of Monze ranged from 0.04 to 13.0\,ng\,mL\textsuperscript{-1}. The mean level of AFB-Lys of children from Monze was significantly($p = 0.05$) higher that of Chipata. The Chipata and Monze children showed mean level of Alb+ of 4.14$\pm$0.36\,g\,dL\textsuperscript{-1} and 4.16$\pm$0.34\,g\,dL\textsuperscript{-1} respectively. The AFB-Lys (Normalised to Albumin) level was found to range from 0.78 to 202\,pg\,mg\textsuperscript{-1} for Chipata children and that of Monze children ranged from 0.92 to 315\,pg\,mg\textsuperscript{-1}.  Child sickness, child age, exposure to aflatoxin in foods and AFB-Lys (normalized to albumin) level were found to be significantly ($p < 0.05$) associated with child stunting except the child age that was not significant at $p = 0.05$. The increase in the exposure of aflatoxin through consumption of contaminated complementary foods leads to 1.771 times likelihood of the child being stunted (odd ratio =1.999, P-value =0.0488). However, the children with increase in the blood serum aflatoxin B1 lysine adduct are likelihood to be stunted (odd ratio=1.301, P-value= 0.0146). These results have shown that dietary exposure to aflatoxin could lead to increase in the serum aflatoxin level and both are associated with stunting. }

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Aflatoxin, children, complementary foods, dietary exposure, nutritional status
\index[key]{Nutritional!status}
\index[key]{Aflatoxin}
\index[key]{Children}
\index[key]{Complementary foods}
\index[key]{Dietary!exposure}
\end{document}
