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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Limitations and Prospects of Improving Cattle Production in the Emerging Sector: Limpopo Province, South africa},pdfauthor={Obvious Mapiye, Kennedy Dzama, Godswill Makombe, Cletos Mapiye},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2018: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Challenges, constraints, emerging farmer, Nguni, South Africa},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 17-19, 2018, Ghent}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Global food security and food safety:\\The role of universities''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Limitations and Prospects of Improving Cattle Production in the Emerging Sector: Limpopo Province, South africa\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Obvious Mapiye, Stellenbosch University, Animal Sciences, 1082 Mike Devries Bldg Corner Merriman and Bosman Streets P Bag X1, 7602~Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{oomapiye@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Obvious Mapiye$^{1}$, Kennedy Dzama$^{1}$, Godswill Makombe$^{2}$, Cletos Mapiye$^{1}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Stellenbosch University, Animal Sciences, South Africa}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Pretoria, Gordon Institute of Business Science, South Africa}}}
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\index[author]{Mapiye, Obvious}
\index[author]{Dzama, Kennedy}
\index[author]{Makombe, Godswill}
\index[author]{Mapiye, Cletos}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The opportunity for the emerging beef farming system to support the growth of South Africa's livestock industry is untapped. Slow growth of the sector is attributed to many limitations that affect the emerging beef farming sector. The objectives of the current study were to identify and characterise the systemic challenges and constraints that confront emerging beef farmers in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Data collection involved interviewing all the 62 farmers under the Limpopo Industrial Development Corporation (IDC)-Nguni project using structured questionnaires. The sample was predominantly males (\mbox{87\,\%}) and adults aged over 45 years (\mbox{88\,\%}). Close to half (\mbox{47\,\%}) of the respondents had tertiary education and majority (\mbox{61\,\%}) were farming on leased land. Major ecological and production challenges reported as percentages of respondents were drought (\mbox{96\,\%}), rangeland degradation (\mbox{94\,\%}), parasites (\mbox{92\,\%}), diseases (\mbox{89\,\%}), feed shortage (\mbox{86\,\%}), inadequate water (\mbox{82\,\%}) and stock theft (\mbox{73\,\%}). Nearly \mbox{50\,\%} of the respondents ranked the extent of these challenges as high to very high. Results indicate that poor access to finance, lack of infrastructure and poor access to markets were some of the key limitations reported by more than \mbox{80\,\%} of the respondents with above \mbox{50\,\%} ranking them as high to very high. Logistic regression models showed that respondents' perceptions to the majority of the challenges were largely influenced ($p < 0.05$) by education, access to formal training, farm size and age. Given all the limitations found, current findings point to the prospects of designing strategies that support knowledge flows and capacitate the farmers with skills to combat the challenges.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Challenges, constraints, emerging farmer, Nguni, South Africa
\index[key]{Challenges}
\index[key]{Constraints}
\index[key]{Emerging farmer}
\index[key]{Nguni}
\index[key]{South Africa}
\end{document}
