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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers' Decision Making Towards Sustainability: Case from Xishuangbanna, Southwest China},pdfauthor={Yuan He, Jue Wang},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Decision making, influence factor, smallholder farmer, southwest China, sustainability},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers' Decision Making Towards Sustainability: Case from Xishuangbanna, Southwest China\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Yuan He, University of Bonn, Agricultural Sciences and Resource Management in the Tropics and Subtropics, Hirschberger Str., 53119~Bonn, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{heyuan.roy@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Yuan He$^{1}$, Jue Wang$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Bonn, Agricultural Sciences and Resource Management in the Tropics and Subtropics, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Agricultural Extension and Communication Group, Germany}}}
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\index[author]{He, Yuan}
\index[author]{Wang, Jue}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
During the past three decades, smallholder farmers' livelihoods have been improved dramatically by rubber mono"=cultivation, in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. However, such economic development is coupled with environment degradation and social issues. In addition, rubber prices have been decreased to one third compared with the prices three years ago. Facing difficulties of decreased income and deteriorated environment, smallholder rubber farmers now are in a vulnerable situation, which requires changes on current agriculture system towards a more sustainable way of land use. Yet it is not clear that which kind of alternatives will be adopted by farmers and under which conditions. 



This presentation will focus on the key questions: Which kind of land use management options are favourable of smallholder farmers in this region? Under which conditions farmers will adopt more sustainable alternatives? What factors influence farmers' decision making on land use?



Taking the situation in Xishuangbanna as a case study, qualitative data has been gathered from interviews, observations and second"=hand materials, and analysed with content analysis. Results show that, smallholder farmers are aware of the ecological problems caused by rubber mono"=culture and they are willing to try alternatives which are more sustainable. Factors influencing smallholder farmers' decision making are being generalised from different dimensions: Firstly household economic situation plays an important role, secondly the awareness of ecological issues has considerable effect, thirdly the social network of farmers could be the supporting factor considering implementation, and last but not least, the institutional arrangements such as land tenure system has also effects. Although farmers are willing to adopt alternatives, external support on financial or technical aspects might be needed. Such factors could be extended to broader contexts. When making sustainable land use planning, it is important to consider farmers decision making factors and conditions, so that the initiatives on sustainable land"=use will have higher chance to implement and benefit smallholder farmers.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Decision making, influence factor, smallholder farmer, southwest China, sustainability
\index[key]{Decision making}
\index[key]{Influence factor}
\index[key]{Smallholder!farmer}
\index[key]{Southwest China}
\index[key]{Sustainability}
\end{document}
