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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Comparative in Vitro Effects of Mimosine and Condensed Tannin of \textit{Leucaena Leucocephala} on Ruminal Fermentation and Methanogenesis},pdfauthor={Yosra Soltan, Amr Salah Morsy, Ronaldo C. Lucas, Adibe Luiz Abdalla},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Condensed tannin , methane, mimosine},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Comparative in Vitro Effects of Mimosine and Condensed Tannin of \textit{Leucaena Leucocephala} on Ruminal Fermentation and Methanogenesis\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Yosra Soltan, Alexandria University, Facutlt of Agriculture, Dept. of Animal Production, Elshatby Aflaton St., Alexandria, Egypt, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{uosra_eng@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Yosra Soltan$^{1}$, Amr Salah Morsy$^{2}$, Ronaldo C. Lucas$^{3}$, Adibe Luiz Abdalla$^{4}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Alexandria University, Facutlt of Agriculture, Dept. of Animal Production, Egypt}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, Livestock Research Department, Egypt}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$University of São Paulo (USP), Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Brazil}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$University of São Paulo, Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Brazil}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Soltan, Yosra}
\index[author]{Morsy, Amr Salah}
\index[author]{Lucas, Ronaldo C.}
\index[author]{Abdalla, Adibe Luiz}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Two \textit{in~vitro} assays were accomplished to assess whether condensed tannin (CT) or mimosine or both are contributing to methane (CH$_{4}^{}$) suppressing effect by leucaena. The first was done to verity the leucaena CT bioactivity and ruminal CH$_{4}^{}$ production using 12 samples of leucaena divided according to CT and mimosine content (g/kg dry matter) to: high CT low mimosine (HCTLM n=6;80.7--43.8 and 2.3--4.3 CT and mimosine, respectively), high CT high mimosine (HCTHM n=2; 41.5--46.3 and 11.6--14.8 DMCT and mimosine, respectively), low CT high mimosine (LCTHM n=3; 31.6--38 and 7.4--10.5 DMCT and mimosine, respectively) and low CT low mimosine (LCTLM n=1;34 and 2.8 CT and mimosine, respectively). The incubations were made to leucaena, lucerne (\textit{Medicago sativa} L.) hay and Tifton hay (Tifton 85; Cynodon dactylon(L.) with or without polyethylene glycol (PEG). HCTLM without PEG decreased ($p < 0.05$) gas production (GP) while HCTLM and HCTHM increased ($p < 0.05$) tannin bioactivity compared with all forages. All leucaena samples with or without PEG decreased ($p < 0.05$) CH$_{4}^{}$ compared with Tifton and lucerne. The second experiment was conducted to compare the effects of low mimosine (LLM, \unitfrac[2.43]{g}{kg} DM) or high mimosine (\unitfrac[11.6]{g}{kg} DM) existent in high leucaena CT on ruminal fermentation and degradation parameters. Tifton and lucerne hays, both either untreated or supplemented with mimosine at the same concentrations that has been provided by the tested leucaena were also verified. Among forages without additions, both leucaena decreased ($p < 0.05$) CH$_{4}^{}$ and LHM enhanced ($p < 0.05$) the degradability of acid detergent fiber (DADF), cellulose and NH$_{3}^{}$-N. No differences were observed in protozoal count while propionate was improved ($p < 0.05$) by LLM. Values of GP, CH$_{4}^{}$, DADF, propionate and NH$_{3}^{}$-N were enhanced ($p < 0.05$) by PEG addition for LLM while such effect was vanished with LHM. High mimosine added to Tifton decreased ($p < 0.05$) CH$_{4}^{}$ and enhanced ($p < 0.05$) degradability of ADF and cellulose, propionate, NH$_{3}^{}$-N compared with no addition while mimosine added to lucerne improved ($p < 0.05$) acetate and NH$_{3}^{}$-N compared with no addition. These results indicated that mimosine did not affect tannin activity of leucaena however, it contribute to some extent with CT in reducing CH$_{4}^{}$ and may be involving in the fiber degradation.}

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\end{abstract}
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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Condensed tannin , methane, mimosine
\index[key]{Condensed tannin }
\index[key]{Methane}
\index[key]{Mimosine}
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