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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Signal Processing Communications in Honeybees to Improve their Effectiveness as Pollinators},pdfauthor={Donald Howard, Olga Duran, Gordon Hunter, Demetrios Venetsanos},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Apiculture, beekeeping, cognitive unit, decentralised-control, feral, honeybee, pattern recognition, Pollenbee, self-organising, signal processing, swarming},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Signal Processing Communications in Honeybees to Improve their Effectiveness as Pollinators\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Gordon Hunter, Kingston University, London, SEC (Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing), Penrhyn Road, KT1  2EE~Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{g.hunter@kingston.ac.uk}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Donald Howard$^{1}$, Olga Duran$^{2}$, Gordon Hunter$^{3}$, Demetrios Venetsanos$^{4}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Kingston University, Sec, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Kingston University, London, Sec (Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing), }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Kingston University, London, SEC (Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing), United Kingdom}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$Kingston University, London, SEC (Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing), United Kingdom}}}
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\index[author]{Howard, Donald}
\index[author]{Duran, Olga}
\index[author]{Hunter, Gordon}
\index[author]{Venetsanos, Demetrios}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The Honeybee is of significant importance to the human population because of its extraordinary ability to pollinate crops. The problem we face is a steady, year on year decline in the number of domestic honeybee colonies, compounded by the functional extinction of the wild honeybee, and no one really knows why.



 



Amongst the many speculated causes of honeybee decline, the case of Apiculture is largely neglected.  Modern beekeeping has developed through at least 8,000 years of endeavour, but its knowledge and practices are firmly rooted in honey exploitation.  The Pollenbee Project develops an alternative approach to beekeeping based on the honeybee's more vital role as a pollinator.  It simply asks ``How would we look after our bees if pollination services were the most important factor?''.  This spotlights a new set of threats that come from beekeeping itself.



 



Honeybee colonies are amongst the best understood examples in nature of self"=organising, decentralised"=control, cognitive systems. The decision"=making abilities of the colony are far superior to those of the individual bees.  When it comes to pollination, you could not devise a more effective control"=system than that which exists in the functions of a honeybee colony.  Therefore the principle of Beekeeping for Pollination is simply to support the default behaviour of wild honeybees --- just let them get on with what they do best!   Problematically, but most importantly, this includes the reproductive process of swarming.



 



Pollenbees are managed, feral honeybees.  In the Spring of 2016 the Pollenbee Project deployed 12 custom Pollenbee hives across southern England to house feral honeybee colonies.  These are benchmark, experimental environments which provide a unique opportunity to study feral honeybees scientifically.



 



Our objectives are to monitor each colony's evolution, assess their well"=being as a function of prosperity, and mitigate the risks to the general public associated with swarming.  We propose a Swarm Management System to track the development of the Queens as they swarm to new locations, and the Virgin Queens who inherit the family home.  Our methods employ signal"=processing and pattern recognition techniques applied to honeybee communications and environmental data collected from custom Pollenbee hives and normal Honeybee hives.}

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\end{abstract}
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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Apiculture, beekeeping, cognitive unit, decentralised"=control, feral, honeybee, pattern recognition, Pollenbee, self"=organising, signal processing, swarming
\index[key]{Apiculture}
\index[key]{Beekeeping}
\index[key]{Cognitive unit}
\index[key]{Decentralised"=control}
\index[key]{Feral}
\index[key]{Honeybee}
\index[key]{Pattern recognition}
\index[key]{Pollenbee}
\index[key]{Self"=organising}
\index[key]{Signal processing}
\index[key]{Swarming}
\end{document}
