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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Semen Characteristics and Freezing Capability of Madura's Cattle},pdfauthor={Marlene Nalley, Iis Arifiantini, Eros Sukmawati},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Freezing capability, madura cattle, semen characteristics},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Semen Characteristics and Freezing Capability of Madura's Cattle\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Marlene Nalley, University of Nusa Cendana, Animal Reproduction, Perumahan Kupang Sejahtera Regency B11 Tdmoebufu Kupang Ntt, 85111~Kupang, Indonesia, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{nalleywm@yahoo.co.id}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Marlene Nalley$^{1}$, Iis Arifiantini$^{2}$, Eros Sukmawati$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Nusa Cendana, Animal Reproduction, Indonesia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Bogor Agricultural University, Dept. of Veterinary Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, Indonesia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Artificial Insemination Centre, Indonesia}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Nalley, Marlene}
\index[author]{Arifiantini, Iis}
\index[author]{Sukmawati, Eros}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Madura cattle are a stable, inbred hybrid of Zebu and Banteng (\textit{Bos javanicus}). They originated on the island of Madura near northeastern Java, where the original cattle population was Banteng, very similar to Bali cattle.  Nowadays,  Madura cattle frozen semen in Indonesia is produced by two National Artificial Insemination (AI) centres. The information of semen characteristics and the freezing capability of this semen is limited. This research aimed to study the characteristics of Madura fresh semen and its freezing capability from one National AI centre. Five Madura bulls belonging to National Lembang AI centre were used for this research. In total 185 ejaculates were collected in 2015 using artificial vagina and subsequently evaluated macro- and microscopically according to AI centre procedures. Semen were diluted with skim milk egg yolk extender, packed into ministraws (0.25 ml), equilibrated at 5/textdegree {}C for 4 hours and frozen using an automatic freezing machine. The colour of the ejaculates ranged from milky white to creamy, the mean semen volume ranged from 5.2 $\pm$ 1.04 to 6.0 $\pm$1.39 ml per ejaculation. Progressive motility and sperm concentration were 70.0 to 71.9 $\pm$ \mbox{2.94\,\%} and  746.6  to 1,305.52 $\times$ 10\textsuperscript{6} sperm, respectively. Post thawing motility varied among bulls. All  bulls showed moderate post thawing motility which was only  40.0 $\pm$\mbox{1.76\,\%} to  42.9 $\pm$ \mbox{3.93\,\%}. This result was lower than found for other native breed. In conclusion, the presented results indicate that there is variability of sperm concentration among individuals and Madura sperm has a moderate freezing capability.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Freezing capability, madura cattle, semen characteristics
\index[key]{Cattle!Madura}
\index[key]{Cattle!semen}
\index[key]{Semen characteristics}
\end{document}
