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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Comparative Analysis of Public"=private Extension Provision in the Cocoa Industry of Ghana},pdfauthor={Kwabena Amoateng Frimpong, Maria Gerster-Bentaya},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Additional livelihoods, comparative analysis, extension service, public-private partnership},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Comparative Analysis of Public"=private Extension Provision in the Cocoa Industry of Ghana\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Kwabena Amoateng Frimpong, Esoko Ghana Limited, Ghana team, P. O. Box An15675 Accra-North, 00233~Accra, Ghana, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{ziggles02@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Kwabena Amoateng Frimpong$^{1}$, Maria Gerster-Bentaya$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Esoko Ghana Limited, Ghana team, Ghana}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Hohenheim, Institute for Social Sciences in Agriculture, Germany}}}
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\index[author]{Frimpong, Kwabena Amoateng}
\index[author]{Gerster-Bentaya, Maria}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The cocoa industry employs about \mbox{60\,\%} of the effective agricultural labour force in Ghana. Cocoa extension has transitioned through various institutions providing services using different approaches. In 2011, Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) launched an extension system, which operates under the Public-Private Partnership (PPP). Most studies on PPP in extension have concentrated on development of partnership, effectiveness, and role of partners in providing public goods. Nonetheless, comparative strengths of public or private organisations in extension have not been explicitly and intensively dealt with. This study assesses the comparative strengths of extension by the COCOBOD and the private sector. To help achieve the objective, the nature of existing contract in the partnership, the services provided and yet to be provided, farmers' assessment of the services provided, and their willingness to pay for required services were investigated.



A theoretical framework postulated by Swanson and Samy was chosen to build the conceptual framework of this research work. The mixed method research approach was adapted to this study for data collection and analysis. 



The study shown that there is a one"=year renewable contract that is written between the COCOBOD and private extension providers. The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the two entities is not so binding. The extension services provided as stipulated in the MoU are: Training on good agricultural practices (GAP), farmer business school (FBS), farm visits, group meetings, child labour education, home visits, radio programme, and rallies.There is no significant difference between levels of satisfaction of extension services received by cocoa farmers from either party in the partnership. Cocoa farmers require training and insight into additional livelihoods such as mushroom production, beekeeping, poultry production, and snail rearing. However, they were not willing to pay for these required services. 



Overall, the results of this study indicate that, extension services provided by COCOBOD is the same as that of the private extension providers. Private extension providers rather help extension service to reach more cocoa farmers.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Additional livelihoods, comparative analysis, extension service, public-private partnership
\index[key]{Additional livelihoods}
\index[key]{Comparative analysis}
\index[key]{Extension service}
\index[key]{Public-private partnership}
\end{document}
