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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Twin"=seedling Rice Planting Techniques Combined with Organic Ameliorant Application for Improving Soils Nutrients Status and Rice Productivity},pdfauthor={Briljan Sudjana, Vera Subardja, Tualar Simarmata, Benny Joy},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Biodiversity, organic ameliorant, square, twin-seedling, water saving},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Twin"=seedling Rice Planting Techniques Combined with Organic Ameliorant Application for Improving Soils Nutrients Status and Rice Productivity\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Briljan Sudjana, University of Singaperbangsa Karawang, Dept. of Agro-Technology, Jl. H.S. Ronggowaluyo, Telukjambe, 41361~Karawang, Indonesia, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{brilyans@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Briljan Sudjana$^{1}$, Vera Subardja$^{2}$, Tualar Simarmata$^{3}$, Benny Joy$^{4}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Singaperbangsa Karawang, Dept. of Agro-Technology, Indonesia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Singaperbangsa, Dept.of Agro-technology, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Padjadjaran University Bandung, Dept. of Soil Sciences and Land Resources Management, Indonesia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$Padjadjaran University, Dept. of Soil Sciences and Land Resources, Indonesia}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Sudjana, Briljan}
\index[author]{Subardja, Vera}
\index[author]{Simarmata, Tualar}
\index[author]{Joy, Benny}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Many techniques of rice planting were applied aimed to increased rice production. An usual practised of  \mbox{30\,cm} by \mbox{30\,cm} planting distance between each holes to another,  namely ``tegel (Square)'', had gave a production average of  rice yield of 5 ton .ha$^{-1}$ still not yet enough to shortened the gap of rice consumption needs in a highly populated country such as Indonesia. The field experiments of ``twin"=seedling'' planting technique had been conducted to investigate the effect of distance planting practices combined with the application of organic ameliorant (5ton of rice straws compost and 1 ton of rice husks biochar) to enhance rice productivity in sustainable ways. A comparison of \mbox{30\,cm} by \mbox{35\,cm}, under twin seedling,  to ``tegel'' techniques were applied in paddy soil  enriched by compost and rice husk biochar (``com"=char''). The water saving technology was adopted to improve the water efficiency and to increase the biological biodiversity and roots growth of rice.



The experimental results revealed that the twin"=seedling technique treated with organic ameliorant had gave the increment of rice productivity by \mbox{125\,\%} and \mbox{130\,\%}, consecutively. In addition, the organic ameliorant had also safe  water usage with the average up to \mbox{40\,\%} in the two continues planting time. An additional information of this practicing techniques as the effect of applying organic ameliorant had also gave an ease in land plowing. A normal of three plowing time in the first period of planting were reduced into two times of plowing in the next planting time did not effect on the rice yield. This meant that applying organic ameliorant had given less plowing works without reducing the rice yield.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Biodiversity, organic ameliorant, square, twin"=seedling, water saving
\index[key]{Biodiversity}
\index[key]{Organic!ameliorant}
\index[key]{Square}
\index[key]{Twin"=seedling}
\index[key]{Water!saving}
\end{document}
