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\hypersetup{pdftitle={The Non"=market-value of Urban Green Spaces -- Experiences from Applying the Travel"=cost-method in Chile},pdfauthor={Carl-Friedrich Gaese, Hartmut Gaese, Sabine Schlüter},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Recreational sites, travel-cost-method, willingness to pay},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{The Non"=market-value of Urban Green Spaces -- Experiences from Applying the Travel"=cost-method in Chile\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Carl-Friedrich Gaese, Technology Arts Sciences TH Köln, Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics (ITT), Betzdorfer Straße 2, 50679~Köln, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{carl-friedrich.gaese@th-koeln.de}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Carl-Friedrich Gaese$^{1}$, Hartmut Gaese$^{2}$, Sabine Schlüter$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Technology Arts Sciences TH Köln, Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics (ITT), Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Technology Arts Sciences Th Köln, Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics (ITT), }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Technology Arts Sciences Th Köln, Institute for Technology and Resources Management in the Tropics and Subtropics (ITT), }}}
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\index[author]{Gaese, Carl-Friedrich}
\index[author]{Gaese, Hartmut}
\index[author]{Schlüter, Sabine}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The Travel Cost Method was applied to measure the recreational value of the Botanical Garden of Viña del Mar / Chile.







The importance of non"=market values of non"=market, specifically environmental goods receives more and more attention, still the lack of monetary valuation of environmental assets leads to undervaluing those goods in decision making. In the specific case the following steps were followed: Implementation of a questionnaire with 450 botanical garden visitors; determination of the visit rate in relation to the relevant population; regression analysis of the visit rate against travel cost in order to calculate a demand curve, determining the willingness to pay depending on different distances. The theoretical background is the relation between willingness to pay and the different distances before defined. The accumulated value of the Willingness to pay is an expression for the society benefit of the botanical garden related to the ecosystem service ``recreation value'' for the population. 







The Botanical Garden of Viña del Mar / Chile is located in an area close to a coastal zone, where severe environmental problems occur due to accelerated urbanisation processes. It is a good example for estimation of green space in the community to serve people in multiple objectives of environmental protection and recreation ``and to meet people´s ability to incorporate physical activity into their daily routines''. Green spaces in density populated areas are getting a growing value and benefit as ``public service'' so far.







The experience from applying the Travel Cost Method for evaluating urban green spaces under pressure is discussed in terms of appropriateness and accuracy. 







}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Recreational sites, travel-cost-method, willingness to pay
\index[key]{Recreational sites}
\index[key]{Travel-Cost-Method}
\index[key]{Willingness to pay}
\end{document}
