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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Potentiality of Using Treated Waste Water in Food and Non Food  Crop Production under Egyptian Conditions},pdfauthor={Ezzat Abd El Lateef, Jeremy Hall},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Field crops, irrigation , nutrients ,heavy metals, treated wastewater},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Potentiality of Using Treated Waste Water in Food and Non Food  Crop Production under Egyptian Conditions\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Ezzat Abd El Lateef, National Research Centre, Field Crops Department, Dokki, 12622~Cairo, Egypt, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{ezzlatnrc@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Ezzat Abd El Lateef$^{1}$, Jeremy Hall$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$National Research Centre, Field Crops Department, Egypt}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Independant Sludge and Wastewater Consultant, }}}
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\index[author]{Abd El Lateef, Ezzat}
\index[author]{Hall, Jeremy}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In order to evaluate additional water resources under water scarce conditions, large scale field trials were conducted in virgin soil to investigate the effect of some field crops irrigation with secondary treated wastewater from  wastewater treatment plant in Cairo .The trials were conducted in two successive  seasons of summer and winter in Berka site (virgin soil) located about 20km north east of Cairo. Four summer crops (maize, cotton, sunflower and soybean) were rotated with other winter crops (wheat,  faba bean, lupin and canola). Irrigation was carried out using surface, drip and sprinkler irrigation according to the crop.



The results showed that considerable amounts of macronutrients (NPK) were applied to the grown crops during treated wastewater irrigation i.e.; N (44--\mbox{79\,\%}), P (72--\mbox{181\,\%}) and K (99--\mbox{248\,\%}) of the recommended fertiliser rates according to the crop and with the exception of cotton where higher NPK contents were applied. Heavy metals derived from treated wastewater were very small. Crop yields showed significant differences when treated wastewater was combined with the recommended fertiliser rates for most crops. Maize, cotton sunflower and wheat seemed to be better crops for irrigation with secondary treated wastewater and irrigation by surface was more efficiently used by the crops, compared with sprinkler and drip irrigation on area basis .However, at an individual plant level, drip irrigation produced larger yields than surface irrigation, although this method would not be employed commercially for such crops on economic grounds.  It could be concluded from this study that irrigation  with secondary treated wastewater is favoured for some field crops under drought conditions.  From environmental and health concern, It is preferred to use such  treated wastewater in producing non"=food or  some processed crops after harvest safely .



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Field crops, irrigation , nutrients ,heavy metals, treated wastewater
\index[key]{Field crops}
\index[key]{Irrigation }
\index[key]{Nutrients ,heavy metals}
\index[key]{Treated wastewater}
\end{document}
