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\hypersetup{pdftitle={How Fishing and Other Livelihood Activities Explain Food Consumption and Nutrition --- the Case of Cambodia},pdfauthor={Rebecca Christina Hartje, Dorothee Christine Buehler, Ulrike Grote},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Fishing, Food Consumption Score, Livelihood activities, nutrition},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{How Fishing and Other Livelihood Activities Explain Food Consumption and Nutrition --- the Case of Cambodia\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Rebecca Christina Hartje, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute for Environmental Economics and World Trade, Königsworther Platz 1, 30167~Hannover, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{hartje@iuw.uni-hannover.de}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Rebecca Christina Hartje$^{1}$, Dorothee Christine Buehler$^{2}$, Ulrike Grote$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute for Environmental Economics and World Trade, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Leibniz Universität Hannover, Inst. for Environmental Economics and World Trade, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute for Environmental Economics and World Trade, Germany}}}
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\index[author]{Hartje, Rebecca Christina}
\index[author]{Buehler, Dorothee Christine}
\index[author]{Grote, Ulrike}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
We investigate the livelihood activities of rural households in Cambodia to explain the determinants of importance of fish in a household's diet and its overall nutrient intake. Nutrient intake is measured as per capita kilocalorie and protein intakes as well as a household's Food Consumption Score (FCS) of the past week. We utilise a panel dataset of 600 rural households in one of Cambodia's poorest provinces. First results from fixed effects regressions show that subsistence fishing is related to a higher relative importance of fish in comparison to other foods in the diet. Subsistence agriculture has a similar effect as fishing. In the total nutrient intake of the household we find a significantly positive relation of subsistence fishing to per capita protein intakes and dietary diversity according to the FCS, but not to calories consumed. Not surprisingly, food expenditure is strongly positively associated with general nutrient intake. Trying to explain the relation between cash income from different livelihood activities and food expenditure in another fixed effects model we find that the most significant factors explaining food expenditure are the value of the fish and livestock products sold. Activities such as wage employment or small"=scale business do not show similar effects in the regression. Even though we see a higher nutrient intake in fishing households, we cannot find statistically significant effects on malnutrition in children.



Our results confirm the general literature on the importance of fish in poor people's diets and the importance of fish in fishing households. Adding to the existing literature we conclude that fishing is indeed an important subsistence livelihood activity, and its positive impact on households' diets goes beyond what is commonly assumed: It is cash income from fishing that additionally significantly improves the overall diet. The only other livelihood activity we so far find to have a similar effect is the sale of livestock products such as eggs or dung. We believe our final results may help policy makers encourage shifts in livelihood activities improving households' livelihood outcomes in the light of expected fish stock decline in the Mekong River due to hydropower development.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Fishing, Food Consumption Score, Livelihood activities, nutrition
\index[key]{Fishing}
\index[key]{Food!Consumption Score}
\index[key]{Livelihood!activities}
\index[key]{Nutrition}
\end{document}
