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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Straws as A Source of Chicken Feed in South Sudan},pdfauthor={Daniel Nondi Olang},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Chicken, feeding, food security, soth Sudan},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Straws as A Source of Chicken Feed in South Sudan\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Cornelia Heine, Vétérinaires Sans Frontières Germany / Tierärzte Ohne Grenzen e.V., Marienstr. 19/20, 10117~Berlin, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{cornelia.heine@togev.de}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Daniel Nondi Olang}}
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\item[]{\small{\textit{Vétérinaires Sans Frontières Germany, }}}
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\index[author]{Olang, Daniel Nondi}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Warrap state in South Sudan is predominately inhabited by agro"=pastoralists whose livelihoods depend on livestock keeping and traditional agriculture. The ownership of livestock is rooted on the socio"=cultural aspects of different communities. Cattle and shoat ownership is male dominated while chicken is owned by women. VSF Germany has learnt from experience that chicken rearing empowers women economically enabling them to sufficiently contribute to own household incomes. Through chicken rearing, women have improved their families' diets with white meat and eggs as a cheap source of high quality protein. One of the biggest challenges the women face especially during the dry season is supplementary chickens' feeds for their scavenging flock. Warrap State is savannah grassland having riverine zones dominated by swamps making it an ideal area for grass to flourish. Grass in Warrap grows wildly and \mbox{75\,\%} of the grass varieties are unpalatable to most ruminants. At maturity as straws, they are either harvested for sale as grass for thatching huts or just burnt down to clear land for the cropping season. The women of Warrap state through VSF Germany have discovered a technique to exploit a portion of this grass to improve their livelihood.   The grass is cut and preserved not as hay but for making the ``straw broth'' for feeding the chicken. A portion of cow dung while still wet is mixed with chopped dry grass (straw). The mixture is enriched with top soil and soaked in water. The broth is then preserved under a shade for 3 to 4 days and water sprinkled on the surface every evening. After 4 days, the mixture becomes a habitat for different kinds of insects like termites, worms and larvae which provides the chicken with sufficient animal protein.  This organic cost free method of supplementary feeding has enabled several households to productively use the dry grass as a source of food for their chicken. Strawis in 



Key words: Agro"=pastoralists, diet, proteins, savannah grassland, straw, broth, worms, larvae, organic, supplementary, dung 



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Chicken, feeding, food security, soth Sudan
\index[key]{Chicken}
\index[key]{Feeding}
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Soth Sudan}
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