\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Wild Edibles and  Organic Minor Crops for  Household  Food Security and  Upkeep of Diversity  },pdfauthor={Magdalena Wanawan},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Biodiversity, edible wild plants, food security, minor crops, nutritional content},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2016.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2016.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Wild Edibles and  Organic Minor Crops for  Household  Food Security and  Upkeep of Diversity  \footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Magdalena Wanawan, Cordillera Integrated Agricultural Research Center, Dept. of Agriculture, Sto. Tomas Road, 2600~Baguio City, Philippines, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{ciarc_da@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Magdalena Wanawan}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Cordillera Integrated Agricultural Research Center, Dept. of Agriculture, Philippines}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Wanawan, Magdalena}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{

Ensuring food security and maintaining biodiversity are part  of the  pressing concerns for a  country with  fast growing  population. Edible wild plants and endemic minor crops  offer a wide range of nutrients as well as interesting and distinctive flavours.  Moreover, they are  healthful since they are  free  from synthetic fertilisers and pesticides. 




The study profiled  15  edible wild plants  and  20 minor cultivated crops (including pulses)  that are organically grown  in  eco"=tourism towns in the  Cordillera, Philippines. The  profile included  the  physical description of the plants, their elevation habitat, peak harvest season,  crop utilisation,  and nutritional analysis. The richness of the wild and endemic crops in nutritional content implies that such plants could fill the nutrition  gaps of  rural  household consumers during the growing stages of their cultivated crops when there is no harvest. 




Alongside  the issue of  food sustenance  is the  preservation of  biodiversity  which should not be ignored in  sustaining the ecosystems where food is produced or  naturally present as in the case of wild edibles .  Conserving or restoring key elements of biodiversity supports the production of  food and  sustains beneficial organisms.  The study found out  that  tribal farmers  preserve cultivated  plant diversity within agricultural ecosystems. The practices of astute seed selection,  proper seed storage, organic seed production and seed exchange  have made the crops sustainable.  Seeds of organic endemic plants are preserved through continuous seed production, seed exchange and proper storage  in tightly covered containers  using charcoal, ash, and pine wood chips as preservatives.  The soil which cradles plant biodiversity is conserved through terracing, edge bordering,  hedge row planting  organic crop production, and canal installation to divert   run"=off water from  washing out the  top soil. 




Such practices confirm a trademark of the organic farmers in the Cordillera which is the instinctive preservation of the natural ecosystem including nature's biodiversity  endowments. }

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Biodiversity, edible wild plants, food security, minor crops, nutritional content
\index[key]{Biodiversity}
\index[key]{Food security}
\index[key]{Minor crops}
\index[key]{Edible wild plants}
\index[key]{Nutritional content}
\end{document}
