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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Undernourishment in Children --- What Can Food Security Indicators Measure?},pdfauthor={Dorothee Christine Buehler, Rebecca Christina Hartje, Ulrike Grote},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Anthropometrics, Cambodia, child development, education, food security, human capital, malnutrition},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Undernourishment in Children --- What Can Food Security Indicators Measure?\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Dorothee Christine Buehler, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Inst. for Environmental Economics and World Trade, Hannover, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{buehler@iuw.uni-hannover.de}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Dorothee Christine Buehler$^{1}$, Rebecca Christina Hartje$^{2}$, Ulrike Grote$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Leibniz Universität Hannover, Inst. for Environmental Economics and World Trade, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute for Environmental Economics and World Trade, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute for Environmental Economics and World Trade, Germany}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Buehler, Dorothee Christine}
\index[author]{Hartje, Rebecca Christina}
\index[author]{Grote, Ulrike}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Children remain the most vulnerable group of the society, especially in developing countries. Recently, policy makers and development agencies have focused on education and health as major drivers of child development. However, nutrition and food security are vital prerequisites to enable children to benefit from enhanced education and health systems provided. To measure food security, there are a number of indicators available. Most of these indicators were developed to rapidly assess the food security status of a household to be able to react timely in case of crisis. However, many studies and programs only use one food security indicator to assess the households' food security status. Thus, they neglect other dimensions and aspects of food security which are vital to get a broader understanding. Also, the literature shows that household food security indicators show only weak linkages to individual malnutrition, especially for children. Taking commonly used indicators such as the Food Consumption Score (FCS), the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and the Household Hunger Scale (HHS) we explore which household characteristics drive these indicators. In addition, we compare the household food security indicators to individual level anthropometrics of children under five. Our data set consists of 600 households which are representative for the population of Stung Treng, a Northern Province of Cambodia. We use Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Logit regression techniques to assess the influence of household and individual level characteristics on the respective indicators. The results show, that economic variables such as income, asset, and land are correlated with household food security but not with child malnutrition. Child and mother specific characteristics such as child age in months, birth order, mother's age, and mother's education appear to be much more relevant for child malnutrition. In addition, health related variables such as mother's BMI, illness, and access to improved sanitation facilities, have a strong effect on malnutrition. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Anthropometrics, Cambodia, child development, education, food security, human capital, malnutrition
\index[key]{Anthropometrics}
\index[key]{Cambodia}
\index[key]{Child development}
\index[key]{Education}
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Human capital}
\index[key]{Malnutrition}
\end{document}
