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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Carcass Characteristics and Serum Biochemical Indices of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Natural Additives},pdfauthor={Ausaji Ayuk, Oluwatosin Kennedy Oko, Felicia Okon},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Bitter leaf, broiler, garlic, ginger},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Carcass Characteristics and Serum Biochemical Indices of Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Natural Additives\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Ausaji Ayuk, Universty of Calabar, Dept. of Animal Science, Etta Agbor, 540001~Calabar, Nigeria, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{yinsaj@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Ausaji Ayuk, Oluwatosin Kennedy Oko, Felicia Okon}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Universty of Calabar, Dept. of Animal Science, Nigeria}}}
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\index[author]{Ayuk, Ausaji}
\index[author]{Oko, Oluwatosin Kennedy}
\index[author]{Okon, Felicia}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The study was designed to evaluate the effect of ginger, garlic, bitterleaf and their mixtures used as natural additives on the carcass and serum biochemical characteristics of broiler chickens. A total of 240 broiler chicks were raised for 56 days on eight different combinations of natural additives. Treatment 1 (T1) had no additive and served as control, T2 had 14\,g\,kg\textsuperscript{-1} of garlic, T3 had 14\,g\,kg\textsuperscript{-1} of ginger, T4 had 14\,g\,kg\textsuperscript{-1} of bitterleaf, T5 had 7\,g\,kg\textsuperscript{-1} each of garlic and ginger, T6 had 7\,g\,kg\textsuperscript{-1} each of ginger and bitterleaf, T7 had 7\,g\,kg\textsuperscript{-1} each of garlic and bitterleaf and T8 had 4.67\,g\,kg\textsuperscript{-1} each of ginger, garlic and bitterleaf. After eight weeks, the carcass parameters and serum biochemical indices were evaluated. The data were then analysed using One-Way ANOVA for completely randomised designed (CRD). The study revealed that live weight, lungs, gall bladder, breast, wings and intestine were significantly ($p < 0.05$) affected by the inclusion of the additives in the diets of the broiler chickens while other carcass parameters were not. The treatment groups receiving only garlic or ginger or both weighed more than the control diet. Serum biochemical analysis revealed that cholesterol, glucose, Na$^{+}$, HDL and urea were significantly different ($p < 0.05$). Furthermore, the combination of both garlic and ginger (T5) was more effective at lowering cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL than either ginger or garlic alone, and all three additives combined together. These findings suggest that using the right combination of both garlic and ginger can be effective at raising broiler with more market value while accumulating lower amount of unhealthy lipids. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Bitter leaf, broiler, garlic, ginger
\index[key]{Bitter leaf}
\index[key]{Broiler}
\index[key]{Garlic}
\index[key]{Ginger}
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