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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Collection and Evaluation of Seed Quality of African Nightshade (Solanum spp) Accessions from Western Kenya},pdfauthor={Noella Ekhuya, David Odongo, John Wesonga, Mary Abukutsa-Onyango},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Accession, germination test, purity test, Seed quality, traditional knowledge},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Collection and Evaluation of Seed Quality of African Nightshade (Solanum spp) Accessions from Western Kenya\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Noella Ekhuya, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Department of Horticulture, 62000, Nairobi, Kenya, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{noella.ekhuya@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Noella Ekhuya$^{1}$, David Odongo$^{2}$, John Wesonga$^{3}$, Mary Abukutsa-Onyango$^{4}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Department of Horticulture, Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$JKUAT, Department of Horticulture, Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Department of Horticulture, Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Dept. of Horticulture, Kenya}}}
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\index[author]{Ekhuya, Noella}
\index[author]{Odongo, David}
\index[author]{Wesonga, John}
\index[author]{Abukutsa-Onyango, Mary}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Nightshade (Solanum species) is an African leafy vegetable that is consumed in Kenya particularly in the western region. Lack of quality seeds is a major challenge in the production of this vegetable. Farmers prepare, produce and store their own seed using traditional methods which may contribute to low quality seeds. The study sought to establish knowledge on traditional methods of seed harvesting, processing, packaging and storage; collect and evaluate the quality of seeds from farmers, markets and commercial seed companies in western Kenya. A baseline survey was undertaken in Siaya, Kakamega, Vihiga, Kisumu, Busia and Kisii counties in Kenya between June 2014 and June 2015. A total of 35 farmers producing nightshade seeds were purposefully selected for the interview and seed accessions collected from farmers, traders and agrovets. The 35 accessions alongside 5 advanced lines from AVRDC Arusha were assessed in terms of purity, germination, vigour and viability. Accelerated aging test and electrical conductivity tests were conducted for the vigour tests while viability was tested by tetrazolium test. Nightshade seed processing techniques were majorly traditional. Seeds from local traders had the highest mean germination percentage \mbox{64.6\,\%}, vigour and viability while those from agrovets the highest mean percentage purity \mbox{100\,\%} and a significantly lower mean germination percentage. The purity of seeds was high for accessions from registered traders (\mbox{100\,\%}), compared with those from local traders (\mbox{84\,\%}) and farmers (\mbox{82\,\%}). Correlation (r=-0.91) between percentage purity and percentage germination. The seeds that are readily available to farmers are of poor quality in terms of germination, vigour and viability. Therefore, improved nightshade processing packaging and storage techniques have the potential of improving the quality of seeds available to farmers in Kenya.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Accession, germination test, purity test, Seed quality, traditional knowledge
\index[key]{Accession}
\index[key]{Germination test}
\index[key]{Purity test}
\index[key]{Seed!quality}
\index[key]{Traditional knowledge}
\end{document}
