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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Addressing Efficient Feed Utilisation through Mechanisation -- A Case from Mali},pdfauthor={Sapna Jarial, Birhanu Zemadim, Hamidou Nantoumé, Ramadjita Tabo},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Chopper, crop-residues, feed, mechanisation },pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Addressing Efficient Feed Utilisation through Mechanisation -- A Case from Mali\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Sapna Jarial, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Research Program for West and Central Africa, Icrisat Sahelian Centre, 12404~Niamey, Niger, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{sapnajarial@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Sapna Jarial$^{1}$, Birhanu Zemadim$^{2}$, Hamidou Nantoumé$^{3}$, Ramadjita Tabo$^{4}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$International Crops Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Research Program for West and Central Africa, Niger}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$International Crops Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), West and Central Africa Regional Center, Mali}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Institut d'Economie Rurale (IER), Laboratory of Animal Nutrition (Sotuba), Mali}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Mali}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Jarial, Sapna}
\index[author]{Zemadim, Birhanu}
\index[author]{Nantoumé, Hamidou}
\index[author]{Tabo, Ramadjita}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
To address the key challenges in inefficient utilisation of  crop"=residue(CR) in livestock feeding especially for dry season, a simple method of chopping technology was introduced as animals selectively eat leaves leaving stems, often CR are burnt causing severe air pollution. Thus the specific objectives of the research for development were: a) to make the farmers aware about the technology of chopping green and dry fodder for optimum and efficient utilisation of CR using a machine and its cost benefit of technology and b) to identify a local fabricator to innovate it as per Malian situation.  Study was conducted in purposively selected  8 villages of Bougouni and Koutiala with a total sample size of 239. Unit of analysis was farmers. A total of 30 men and women farmers were randomly selected from eight villages. The survey was carried out between October and December 2015. After the introduction of technology a two"=week long demonstration training was organised in Bougouni and Koutiala using the concepts of innovation platform and technology parks. Results indicated that three choppers were introduced and adapted as per local context. An overall 372 persons were trained on use of chopper technology. The middle aged group (42--48 years) men and women participated in the training from the selected villages of Koutiala, while in Bougouni younger women participation was observed. In Koutiala and Bougouni the total fodder collected in cartloads by the men farmers(300--\mbox{1400\,kg}) were more than women farmers (186--\mbox{940\,kg}). More farmer organisation participation was observed from Bougouni (21) than from Koutiala (14). CR of varieties of sorghum, maize, and cowpea used. The output of chopped residue dependent  on the type and variety of crop used. Maize variety Kalo sabae gave less output than dry sorghum variety Grinkan stover.Chopping of 50--100 kg/30 minutes  of crop -residues vis"=a vis 8 hours  manually. Chopping 20 charrettes or 2 tonnes/ 10 hours@ 500 CFA proposition to make the business reasonably profitable.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Chopper, crop"=residues, feed, mechanisation 
\index[key]{Chopper}
\index[key]{Crop"=residues}
\index[key]{Feed}
\index[key]{Mechanization }
\end{document}
