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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Optimisation of Cocoa Drying by Using a Combined Convection and Far Infrared Drying},pdfauthor={Castellanos-Olarte Javier-Mauricio, Carreno-Olejua Rene, Werner Hofacker, Oliver Hensel},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Cocoa Drying, Convective and IR drying, Rotary dryer},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Optimisation of Cocoa Drying by Using a Combined Convection and Far Infrared Drying\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Castellanos-Olarte Javier-Mauricio, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Mechanical Engineering, Campus Upb, 50031~Bucaramanga, Colombia, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{javier.castellanos@upb.edu.co}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Castellanos-Olarte Javier-Mauricio$^{1}$, Carreno-Olejua Rene$^{2}$, Werner Hofacker$^{3}$, Oliver Hensel$^{4}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Pontifical Bolivarian University, Mechanical Engineering, Colombia}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Pontifical Bolivarian University, Mechanical Engineering, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$University of Applied Sciences Konstanz, Institute for Applied Thermo-and Fluiddynamicas Iatf, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$University of Kassel, Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Germany}}}
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\index[author]{Javier-Mauricio, Castellanos-Olarte}
\index[author]{Rene, Carreno-Olejua}
\index[author]{Hofacker, Werner}
\index[author]{Hensel, Oliver}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
This paper shows the most important elements of a research work looking forward to increase the quality of cocoa beans when a new combined strategy is used for its drying.   Hot air and infrared radiation will be assessed in a rotary dryer to establish their influence in the major quality descriptors of cocoa used for finest chocolate production.



Cacao production framework in Colombia is similar to that of most countries around the world; in most of the situations there is a lack of technical facilities for post"=harvest activities, and therefore a good quality of beans is hard to achieve.  However, this situation can be changed by using technological solutions, particularly when they are adapted to specific needs of cocoa producers.  From one hand, the mechanical dryers used in intensive cocoa production exceed the smallholders´ requirements and because of the large amounts of energy they consume, there is a substantial economic and environmental impact.  At this regard, there has been an important research effort to improve solar dryers, in some instances, including other sources of energy.  The results are normally cost"=effective, and avoid some general problems like cross"=contamination and microbiological attacks. However, there is still problems relative to the time of residence inside the dryer, the area required to place the beans, and the lack of control.  



Because other feasible technological alternatives are not yet available, this project looks forward to evaluate the impact of the combined used of convection and radiation in a mechanical dryer.  The experimental facilities and the use of automation and control systems will allow to access the proposed strategy in terms of reduction on climate dependence and the improvement of cacao beans quality.  



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Cocoa Drying, Convective and IR drying, Rotary dryer
\index[key]{Cocoa Drying}
\index[key]{Convective and IR drying}
\index[key]{Rotary dryer}
\end{document}
