\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Building Capacities of Women Farmers through Better Farming Practices for Rural Prosperity},pdfauthor={Pawan Kumar, Jóska Gerendás, Surender Roperia},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Keywords: India, rural prosperity, women farmers, women farmer's friends},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2016.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2016.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Building Capacities of Women Farmers through Better Farming Practices for Rural Prosperity\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Surender Roperia, K+S Fertilizers (India) Pvt. Ltd., German Centre  14th Floor Building 9b Dlf Cybercity  Phase-III, 122002~Gurgaon, India, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{surender.roperia@kali-gmbh.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Pawan Kumar$^{1}$, Jóska Gerendás$^{2}$, Surender Roperia$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$S M Sehgal Foundation, Agricultural Development, India}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$K+S Fertilizers (India) Pvt. Ltd., Director, India}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$K+S Fertilizers (India) Pvt. Ltd., India}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Kumar, Pawan}
\index[author]{Gerendás, Jóska}
\index[author]{Roperia, Surender}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Though women comprise 50---60 percent of farm labour, they are not respected as farmers in India. However, women are important contributors to agricultural growth.







	In 2013, K+S Kali GmbH partnered with S M Sehgal Foundation to start the Unnat Krishi (improved agriculture) project in Alwar district of Rajasthan, India. A baseline assessment before starting showed 97 percent  of women in farm families had average land holdings of 0.2 to \mbox{0.4\,ha}. The project aimed to educate women farmers to produce more from the same land footprints using an improved package of practices (better varieties, adequate seed rate, more balanced fertilisation) along with field demonstrations, field days, exposure visits, and communication tools. 







	For sustainability, each beneficiary put 60 percent costs of input received (seed varieties, fertilisers) into a revolving fund for inputs and services after the project's completion. As of April 2016, the fund's balance was INR 301,827 (\EURtm{} 4,024). A woman farmer, a Krishi Sakhi (farmer's friend), acted as local contact and facilitator between project coordinators and farmers. 







	In three years, 635 women farmers benefited directly from the project, and more than 2,000 benefited indirectly. Using improved farming practices created an average yield increase of 23.8 percent in mustard and 32.7 percent in millet. Contrary to the widespread notion, using improved varieties, seed rates and balanced fertilisation changed production costs only marginally. In fact, cultivation costs were reduced by INR 965 (\EURtm{} 13) in mustard and increased by INR 1,965 (\EURtm{} 26) in millet. The positive yield response added gross income of INR 10,554 (\EURtm{} 141) and INR 5,801 (\EURtm{} 77) per hectare, respectively. 







	A qualitative assessment revealed improvement in their confidence and their social status over the three years. Women are now looked up to by male farmers for their knowledge about fertilisers, seeds, and other farm inputs. Increased productivity and reduced cultivation costs have increased their farm income. Many women use the added disposable income for their children's education



}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Keywords: India, rural prosperity, women farmers, women farmer's friends
\index[key]{Keywords: India}
\index[key]{Rural!prosperity}
\index[key]{Women!farmers}
\index[key]{Women!farmer's friends}
\end{document}
