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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Nutrient Intake, Digestibility and Growth Performance of Washera Lambs Fed with Grass Hay and Supplemented with Graded Levels of Sweet Lupin (\textit{Lupinus angustifolius} L.) Seed},pdfauthor={Nahom Ephrem, Firew Tegegne, Yeshambel Mekuriaw},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Dry land, Ethiopia, Grass hay, keywords: Digestibility, Nutrient intake, Sweet blue lupin, Washera sheep, Weight change},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Nutrient Intake, Digestibility and Growth Performance of Washera Lambs Fed with Grass Hay and Supplemented with Graded Levels of Sweet Lupin (\textit{Lupinus angustifolius} L.) Seed\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Nahom Ephrem, Bahir Dar University, Animal Production and Technology, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{nayedec24@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Nahom Ephrem, Firew Tegegne, Yeshambel Mekuriaw}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Bahir Dar University, Animal Production and Technology, Ethiopia}}}
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\index[author]{Ephrem, Nahom}
\index[author]{Tegegne, Firew}
\index[author]{Mekuriaw, Yeshambel}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The experiment was conducted to evaluate nutrient intake, digestibility and growth performance of Washera lambs fed natural pasture hay"=based diet supplemented with graded levels of sweet blue lupin (\textit{Lupinus angustifolius} L.) seed. Twenty male intact Washera lambs with average age of four months and initial body weight of 16.9$\pm$\mbox{0.32\,kg} (mean$\pm$SD) were used in 90 days feeding trial followed by 10 days digestibility trial. The design of the experiment was randomised complete block design (RCBD) with five replications. The four supplement feeds were;150 g wheat bran (WB) (control-T1), 150 g WB + 195 g sweet lupin seed (SLS) (T2), 150 g WB + 245 g SLS (T3) and 150 g WB and 295 g SLS (T4). Natural pasture hay was offered ad libitum. Digestibility trial was conducted at the end of the growth trial. Data were analysed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedures of SAS (version 9.2). Means were separated using Duncan's Multiple Range test. Correlation between nutrient intake, digestibility of nutrients and weight gain were analysed using Pearson correlation procedure. Results showed that supplementation of SLS significantly increased total dry matter, crude protein and organic matter intakes. Supplementation of SLS improved the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter ($p < 0.05$) and crude protein ($p < 0.001$). However, the digestibility of NDF and ADF were not affected by supplementation ($p > 0.05$). Average daily gain (ADG) was higher ($p < 0.001$) for the SLS supplemented groups (61.8---\unitfrac[89.1]{g}{day}). It was concluded that sweet blue lupin seed could serve as alternative CP supplement in natural pasture hay"=based feeding of Washera sheep. Based on the biological performance of the experimental lambs (ADG and FCE values), T3 could be recommended for practical feeding of lambs if optimum performance is targeted.
}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Dry land, Ethiopia, Grass hay, keywords: Digestibility, Nutrient intake, Sweet blue lupin, Washera sheep, Weight change
\index[key]{Dry land}
\index[key]{Ethiopia}
\index[key]{Grass hay}
\index[key]{Digestibility}
\index[key]{Nutrient!intake}
\index[key]{Sweet blue lupin}
\index[key]{Sheep!Washera}
\end{document}
