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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Value Chain Development: A Silver Bullet for Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Use?},pdfauthor={Adam Drucker, Jasmijn Appels, Maarten Voors},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Agrobiodiversity, conservation, neglected and underutilised species, value chain development},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Value Chain Development: A Silver Bullet for Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Use?\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Adam Drucker, Bioversity International, Via Dei Tre Denari 472/a, 00057~Maccarese (Rome), Italy, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{a.drucker@cgiar.org}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Adam Drucker$^{1}$, Jasmijn Appels$^{2}$, Maarten Voors$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Bioversity International, Italy}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Wageningen University (WUR), Development Economics Group, The Netherlands}}}
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\index[author]{Drucker, Adam}
\index[author]{Appels, Jasmijn}
\index[author]{Voors, Maarten}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The unprecedented loss of agrobiodiversity currently occurring is alarming as it is a key input in the agricultural production process and consequently vital to global food security. Many public and global benefits associated with agrobiodiversity are not reflected in market prices, and thus lead to under"=investments in biodiversity conservation. This provides a strong justification to develop positive incentives for conservation and sustainable use. Indeed, such incentives are specifically called for by the Convention on Biological Diversity (Aichi Target \#3). Value Chain Development (VCD) is seen as a potentially powerful tool to provide positive incentives to farmers to conserve (through sustainable use) threatened crop and animal genetic resources. 







Nevertheless, although it has been shown that such VCD can facilitate conservation through use of specific livestock breeds and neglected and underutilised crop species/varieties (NUS), the potential to use such an approach as a cornerstone of a wide"=ranging cost"=effective, diversity"=maximising agrobiodiversity conservation and use strategy remains to be explored. 







An assessment is undertaken of the role that VCD projects have played in agrobiodiversity conservation, specifically for crop genetic resources. In particular, we explore: i) the degree to which NUS-VCD projects have focussed on genetic resources that are actually threatened and form part of a strategic conservation portfolio; ii) the degree to which conservation goals are in practice embedded in the broader set of goals of value chain projects; and iii) the effectiveness of VCD in reaching stated conservation goals.







A review of NUS-VCD projects reveals the complex nature of such projects when it comes to defining, contributing to and evaluating conservation goals. Care thus needs to be taken when recommending such indirect incentive approaches as a tool for generating positive conservation outcomes. To date, NUS-VCD projects have lacked a strategic approach, instead being realised on an ad hoc individual basis, focusing on individual NUS with market potential. The degree to which such projects can contribute strategically to the maintenance of a diverse portfolio of threatened genetic resources thus remains to be demonstrated. Direct incentive mechanisms, such as Payments for Agrobiodiversity Conservation Services are also likely to have an important complementary role to play.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Agrobiodiversity, conservation, neglected and underutilised species, value chain development
\index[key]{Agrobiodiversity}
\index[key]{Conservation}
\index[key]{Neglected species}
\index[key]{Underutilised species}
\index[key]{Value chain!development}
\end{document}
