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\hypersetup{pdftitle={The Extent of the Unpredictable Weather on French Beans Value Chain in Mt Kenya, Kenya},pdfauthor={David Karienye, Hellen Kamiri, Gilbert Nduru},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Phaseolus vulgaris L, unpredictable weather, value chain and adaptations},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{The Extent of the Unpredictable Weather on French Beans Value Chain in Mt Kenya, Kenya\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} David Karienye, Garissa University College, Geography, P.O. Box 1957, 10101~Karatina, Kenya, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{dkarienye@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{David Karienye$^{1}$, Hellen Kamiri$^{2}$, Gilbert Nduru$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Garissa University College, Geography, Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Karatina University, Crop Science, Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Karatina University, Environmental Science, Kenya}}}
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\index[author]{Karienye, David}
\index[author]{Kamiri, Hellen}
\index[author]{Nduru, Gilbert}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Unpredictable weather impact is more severe on the lands around the tropics especially in developing countries with bad governance. Climate change is likely to affect the French beans (\textit{Phaseolus vulgaris}) production value chain of small scale holders. Previous studies conducted have focused on the impact of climate change on the general vegetables without highlighting specific vegetables. The study focused on the extent to which the impact of unpredictable weather has on \textit{Phaseolus vulgaris} variety Haricot vert value chain. The study was carried out in the Nyeri County, Kenya. The study aimed to determine the extent to which the unpredictable weather have on French bean value chain and provides the best adaptations strategies to reduce losses. A semi structured questionnaires enriched by field observations and photographs were used to collect data. A triangulation method was used with 50 respondents being sampled. In depth was conducted from key informants. The study revealed that the major constraints on value chain were marketing (\mbox{65\,\%}), transport (\mbox{33\,\%}) and diseases and pests (\mbox{15\,\%}) as a result of the unpredictable weather. Unreliable rainfall and high temperatures had an impact on the overall value chain in terms of costs and quality. These scenarios had direct impacts on community livelihoods in terms of production and source of income. To adapt with the adverse effects on French beans value chain the farmers preferred livelihood diversification and social resilience. The study recommends community awareness of the unpredictable weather, timely communication on the extremes weather through mobile communication and social and institutional innovations.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} \textit{Phaseolus vulgaris} L, unpredictable weather, value chain and adaptations
\index[key]{Phaseolus vulgaris@\textit{Phaseolus vulgaris} L}
\index[key]{Unpredictable weather}
\index[key]{Value chain and adaptations}
\end{document}
