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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Constraints and Opportunities for Small Farmers to Adapt Climate Smart Practices under Three"=crop Rice Production System in Vietnam},pdfauthor={Azeem Tariq, Stephane De Tourdonnet, Lars S. Jensen, Reiner Wassmann, Bjoern Ole Sander, Mai Trinh, Quynh Duong Vu, Andreas de Neergaard},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Adaptation, climate smart agriculture, constraints, smallholders},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Constraints and Opportunities for Small Farmers to Adapt Climate Smart Practices under Three"=crop Rice Production System in Vietnam\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Azeem Tariq, University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{azeem_uni@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Azeem Tariq$^{1}$, Stephane De Tourdonnet$^{2}$, Lars S. Jensen$^{3}$, Reiner Wassmann$^{4}$, Bjoern Ole Sander$^{5}$, Mai Trinh$^{6}$, Quynh Duong Vu$^{7}$, Andreas de Neergaard$^{8}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Denmark}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Montpellier Supagro, CIRAD - INRA - IRD, France}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Denmark}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Rice and Climate Change Consortium, Philippines}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{5}$International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Rice and Climate Change Consortium, Philippines}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{6}$Vietnamese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam, Institute for Agricultural Environment, Viet Nam}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{7}$Vietnamese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam, Institute for Agricultural Environment, Viet Nam}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{8}$University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Denmark}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Tariq, Azeem}
\index[author]{De Tourdonnet, Stephane}
\index[author]{Jensen, Lars S.}
\index[author]{Wassmann, Reiner}
\index[author]{Sander, Bjoern Ole}
\index[author]{Trinh, Mai}
\index[author]{Vu, Quynh Duong}
\index[author]{de Neergaard, Andreas}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The rice growing area has expanded in Vietnam to meet the global market and increasing population demands. As rice area increase the emission of green house gases (specially methane) will also increase. A closer glance at agricultural practices of smallholders is required to understand the GHG mitigation potential and opportunities to adapt the climate smart rice production practices. The objectives of this study were: i) to understand the existing agricultural and cropping practices in an area, ii) to define the constraints and possible solutions for climate smart rice production practices, and iii) to develop and assess the quantitative scenarios of climate smart three crop rice production system.



We developed a simple methodological framework that composed of six steps: i) identification of stakeholders and existing knowledge, ii) assessment of barrios, drawbacks/advantages of new technologies, iii) prototype design, iv) assessment of mitigation potential of new technologies, v) scenario building and vi) scenario assessment. We tested this approach on a local case study in Northern Vietnam. We integrated the both field and scientific oriented knowledge based on farmer interviews, local experts, literature and experimental observation. We interviewed the farmers with comprehensive survey guideline to assess the production system and agricultural practices at local scale. One workshop was conducted with all stakeholders (farmers, agricultural department, village leaders, irrigation staff, extensionists) to build a typology on the basis of existing farmers constraints and possibilities for changing water and rice straw management. To test these typologies at farmer local conditions, a participatory field experiment is conducted at farmer fields. Following the results of field experiments a workshop will be conducted with all stakeholders to develop possible scenarios for climate smart rice production practices. The Ex ante evaluation will be performed to assess the effects of proposed scenarios. This approach will allow the assessment of adaptation potential and benefits of climate smart practices on small farmer fields in Northern Vietnam.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Adaptation, climate smart agriculture, constraints, smallholders
\index[key]{Adaptation}
\index[key]{Climate smart agriculture}
\index[key]{Constraints}
\index[key]{Smallholders}
\end{document}
