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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Does the Environment Count? Implications of Laws and Policies on Community Seed Banking in Uganda},pdfauthor={Rose Nankya, Richard Ogwal- Omara, Joyce Adokorach},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Community seed banks, farmers' rights, plant genetic resources, Uganda policies and laws},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Does the Environment Count? Implications of Laws and Policies on Community Seed Banking in Uganda\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Rose Nankya, Bioversity International, Sustainable Production and Landscapes, Plot 106 Katalima Road Naguru, Kampala, Uganda, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{r.nankya@cgiar.org}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Rose Nankya$^{1}$, Richard Ogwal- Omara$^{2}$, Joyce Adokorach$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Bioversity International, Sustainable Production and Landscapes, Uganda}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Bioversity International, Policy, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$National Agriculture Research Organization of Uganda, Biodiversity and Biotechnology, }}}
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\index[author]{Nankya, Rose}
\index[author]{Ogwal- Omara, Richard}
\index[author]{Adokorach, Joyce}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The survival of humanity on earth is hinged on sustainable utilisation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. Farmers have traditionally depended upon their knowledge, skills and resources to develop crops that they need resulting into diverse varieties that are very well adapted to the different farming conditions. Seeds being the mode of reproduction; they are crucial in determining the existence of many plant genetic resources.Throughout the world, farmers produce seed for most crops. Due to the failure of the formal sector to meet seed requirements in many countries, many projects and agencies have attempted to develop local seed supply systems that depend on action by communities. One way this has been done is through community seed banks which are community driven and community"=owned efforts to conserve and use both local and improved varieties for food security and to improve the livelihoods of farmers. Community seed banks operate in countries with diverse political regimes and policy and legal contexts which are conducive to different extents. This study was conducted to understand the policy and legal environment in which community seed banks operate in Uganda and recommend how the environment could be made more conducive. A detailed review of policies and laws was done after which an assessment of how the existing community seed banks thrive under this legal environment was also carried out. A glaring gap was observed in the policies and laws of Uganda in fully recognising, rewarding and supporting the crucial role community seed banks play in promoting conservation and sustainable utilisation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture as well as farmers rights through recognition of their knowledge of the local agro biodiversity, their participation in decision making concerning its conservation and benefit sharing.Enacting a law for this purpose would make the environment more conducive for community seed banks to thrive and would provide a model for other countries to emulate.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Community seed banks, farmers' rights, plant genetic resources, Uganda policies and laws
\index[key]{Community!seed banks}
\index[key]{Farmers' rights}
\index[key]{Plant!genetic resources}
\index[key]{Uganda policies and laws}
\end{document}
