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\hypersetup{pdftitle={\textit{Moringa oleifera} Leaf Meal and Differently Processed Seed Meal as Additive in Broiler Diets},pdfauthor={Isaac Oluseun Adejumo, Anthony Ologhobo, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Antibiotics, broiler chickens, feeding trial, Moringa oleifera},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{\textit{Moringa oleifera} Leaf Meal and Differently Processed Seed Meal as Additive in Broiler Diets\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Isaac Oluseun Adejumo, Landmark University, Dept. of Animal Science, P.M.B. 1001, Omu-Aran, Nigeria, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{smogisaac@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Isaac Oluseun Adejumo$^{1}$, Anthony Ologhobo$^{2}$, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Landmark University, Dept. of Animal Science, Nigeria}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Ibadan, Dept. of Animal Science, Nigeria}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Landmark University, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Nigeria}}}
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\index[author]{Adejumo, Isaac Oluseun}
\index[author]{Ologhobo, Anthony}
\index[author]{Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Synthetic antibiotics such as tetracycline have accompanying problems such as non"=availability, high cost, resistance and residue in animal products which has made their use in livestock production a concern. This has necessitated the need for sourcing for herbal alternatives which could better replace synthetic antibiotics. \textit{Moringa oleifera} is used in Nigeria for treating several kinds of ailments. Its seeds have been reported to be rich in protein and have been used as source of protein in broiler diet up to 5\% without any reported adverse effects on the birds. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of raw and cooked \textit{Moringa oleifera} seed meal and raw \textit{Moringa oleifera} leaf meal as a replacement for synthetic antibiotic (tetracycline) on growth performance and haematological parameters of Arbor Acre starter broilers. The study lasted for 28 days. There were 5 treatments: negative control (D1), positive control (D2), treatments 3, 4 and 5 (D3, D4 and D5) containing \mbox{0.25\,\%} raw air"=dried \textit{Moringa oleifera} seed meal, \mbox{0.25\,\%} cooked air"=dried \textit{Moringa oleifera} seed meal and \mbox{0.25\,\%} of raw air"=dried \textit{Moringa oleifera} leaf meal respectively in a completely randomised design. Each treatment had five replicates of seven one day old birds per replicate. Blood samples for haematological analysis were collected from three birds of similar weight per replicate. The study was conducted in Poultry Unit, Landmark University Teaching and Research Farm, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria. Data were analysed using general linear model of analysis of variance. The results of the study revealed that experimental diets compared well with the control diets. There were no significant differences across the treatments for all the parameters measured. Daily body weight gain ranged between 0.5$\pm$0.05\,g\,bird\textsuperscript{-1} and 0.6$\pm$0.02\,g\,bird\textsuperscript{-1}, feed conversion ratio ranged between 2.7$\pm$0.11 and 3.1$\pm$0.40, packed cell volume (\%) ranged between 23.0$\pm$0.01 and 27.3$\pm$0.02, red blood cell counts (10\textsuperscript{3}/$\mu$L) ranged between 3.3$\pm$0.15 and 4.6$\pm$0.08 while white blood cell counts (10\textsuperscript{6}/$\mu$L) ranged between 8.7$\pm$0.43 and 12.7$\pm$0.02. Inclusion of differently processed \textit{Moringa oleifera} seed meal and leaf meal did not negatively affect growth performance and haematological parameters of starter broilers.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Antibiotics, broiler chickens, feeding trial, \textit{Moringa oleifera}
\index[key]{Antibiotics}
\index[key]{Broiler chickens}
\index[key]{Feeding trial}
\index[key]{Moringa oleifera@\textit{Moringa oleifera}}
\end{document}
