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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Improving Market Access for Smallholder Rice Producers in the Philippines},pdfauthor={Ekkehard Kürschner, Daniel Baumert, Christine Plastrotmann, Anna-Katharina Poppe, Kristina Riesinger, Sabrina Ziesemer},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Agricultural development, livelihoods, market linkages, staple food},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Improving Market Access for Smallholder Rice Producers in the Philippines\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Daniel Baumert, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Center for Rural Development (SLE), 12053~Berlin, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{daniel.baumert@hotmail.de}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Ekkehard Kürschner, Daniel Baumert, Christine Plastrotmann, Anna-Katharina Poppe, Kristina Riesinger, Sabrina Ziesemer}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Center for Rural Development (SLE), Germany}}}
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\index[author]{Kürschner, Ekkehard}
\index[author]{Baumert, Daniel}
\index[author]{Plastrotmann, Christine}
\index[author]{Poppe, Anna-Katharina}
\index[author]{Riesinger, Kristina}
\index[author]{Ziesemer, Sabrina}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In the Philippines, rice is one of the main agricultural commodities that not only supports the livelihoods of around \mbox{45\,\%} of Filipino farm households but also serves as the country's main food staple. Thus, political efforts are split between simultaneously securing remunerative farm gate prices and affordable consumer prices. However, comparatively high production costs and inefficient rice marketing render this a difficult task. Consequently, improving market access for smallholder farmers in the Philippines is assumed to bridge the gap between affordable consumer prices for food security and remunerative farm gate prices for poverty reduction.



This study analyses market access constraints of smallholder rice producers in the Philippines in order to identify entry points for development interventions. It combines elements of value chain and of livelihood analysis with a multi"=dimensional definition of market access. Therefore, the study was able to take smallholder heterogeneity into consideration and to develop context"=specific recommendation. 



Results indicate that the varying asset endowment of smallholder farm households determine the use of marketing opportunities and the access to support services. This is based on a typology of smallholders' marketing practices taking the time of transaction, the number of marketing outlets accessed and the freedom to choose the trading party into account. Three distinct marketing practices were identified. By grouping the smallholders accordingly and by examining the differences of the asset endowments across groups, the most significant differences were noted with regard to market"=related knowledge, dependencies, the type of production financing, and access to post"=harvest facilities and farm machinery. The study concludes that development interventions which aim at improving the market access of smallholders have to address the group"=specific needs when targeting these aspects. Smallholders can only be empowered to freely choose from existing marketing opportunities and to freely decide upon the time of transaction when access to financial capital, to post"=harvest facilities and to information is being improved. Interventions have to follow a multi"=dimensional approach targeting, at the same time, individual farmers and farmer organisations as well as the entire value chain.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Agricultural development, livelihoods, market linkages, staple food
\index[key]{Agricultural!Development}
\index[key]{Livelihoods}
\index[key]{Market!Linkages}
\index[key]{Staple Food}
\end{document}
