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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Modelling of Nitrogen Flows of a Biogas Plant in Finland},pdfauthor={Vilma Metsärinne},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Biogas plant, digestate, modelling, nitrogen},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Modelling of Nitrogen Flows of a Biogas Plant in Finland\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Vilma Metsärinne, Helsinki University, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Lumikintie 6 A 73, 00820~Helsinki, Finland, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{vilma.metsarinne@helsinki.fi}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Vilma Metsärinne}}
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\item[]{\small{\textit{Helsinki University, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Finland}}}
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\index[author]{Metsärinne, Vilma}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Aim of the research was to build a model of biogas plant operations in Finland and more specifically the nutrient flows of nitrogen. By examining the nitrogen flows of existing biogas plants in Finland and the forecasted nitrogen flows of an agroecological symbiosis project´s that is yet to be built, I made a model of the optimum biogas plant involving issues that should be considered. The modelling includes stages like storage of manure before it enters a biogas plant and how well plants can utilise the nitrogen in the digestive. The model is primarily meant to guide the operations of the yet to be built agroecological symbiosis project. The agroecological symbiosis project in the rural area of Finland involves an organic plant production farm, organic vegetable production farm, organic poultry production, horse stables and a bakery. The biogas plant will use different wastes, such as ley, manure and other waste. The biogas plant will produce gas for energy and digestate that will be used as organic fertiliser in the fields. The modelling showed that there are many nitrogen loss points throughout the so called production chain of the digestate. Manure should be stored in covered containers before being transported to a plant. Application of the digestate on the field can produce nitrogen losses in variable amounts depending on multiple factors. The application technique is of crucial importance. More research is needed on the interactions of digestate and micro"=organisms in soil in order to optimise the nutrient effect of the digestate for plants. Building a biogas plant is not a direct solution for improving nitrogen flows, the solution is about understanding different stages in the great nitrogen cycle process. 



Highest nitrogen losses happen before and after a biogas plant, so if these losses are not realised and reduced, the extra fertiliser value as ammonium produced by a biogas plant can be questioned. If nitrogen is managed to maintain within the intended system, a valuable organic fertiliser for plants can be achieved that means reductions in mineral fertilisers and therefore a more sustainable use of resources is attained. 



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Biogas plant, digestate, modelling, nitrogen
\index[key]{Biogas plant}
\index[key]{Digestate}
\index[key]{Modelling}
\index[key]{Nitrogen}
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