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\hypersetup{pdftitle={The Effect of Natural Medium and Biocide in \textit{Rosa hybrida} Tissue Culture Acclimation},pdfauthor={Fataneh Yari},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Natural biocides, natural medium, Rosa hybrid},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{The Effect of Natural Medium and Biocide in \textit{Rosa hybrida} Tissue Culture Acclimation\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Fataneh Yari, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Dept. of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3353-5111, 3353136846~Tehran, Iran, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{fataneh.yari@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Fataneh Yari}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Dept. of Agriculture, Iran}}}
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\index[author]{Yari, Fataneh}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the demand for rose plants in all aspects. Tissue culture is a proliferation method widely used in modern agriculture in order to produce roses that are true"=to-type and superior to traditionally propagated rose plants in terms of price, quality, and growth performance. The crucial point in successful plant micro"=propagation and transmission is acclimation of sterile explants to prevent bacteria or fungi attack during the developing phase. Multiple shoots were achieved from established explants which initiated the rooting system were evaluated to establish an efficient natural medium consist of Thyme essential oil (0, 500 \& 1000 ppm) for \textit{in~vitro} and \textit{ex vitro} root growth and acclimation against pathogens in roses. Peat, vermicompost and their combination (1:1; v/v) considered as natural media. The mean number of nodes, leaves, shoots, roots, root diameter, root length, survival plants and pathogens infection were determined and significant differences were detected between the treatments in both \textit{in~vitro} and ex vitro condition. The different fractions of media studied, vermicompost and peat (1:1; v/v) have given the best result. The thyme essential oil had significant effect on all parameters especially revealed that treatments led to a strong reduction (70--\mbox{90\,\%}) of pathogen development in respect to concentration. \mbox{100\,\%} survival rate with best plantlets growth was achieved in vermicompost and peat (1:1; v/v) medium supplemented with 1000 ppm of thyme oils. The \textit{in~vitro} and \textit{ex vitro} raised plantlets were grown normally and flowered within two month after their transfer to open field. Combination of microbial flora of vermicompost with antioxidant and antibacterial effect of thyme oil was the key point of this research. Thus the environmental friendly and the economical implemented in this study enhance the prospect of the organic waste in tissue culture technique to fair use of resources.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Natural biocides, natural medium, \textit{Rosa} hybrid
\index[key]{Natural!biocides}
\index[key]{Natural!medium}
\index[key]{Rosa@\textit{Rosa} hybrid}
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