\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={Enhancing Indigenous Ogiek Participation in Forest Management for Improved Livelihood and Biodiversity Conservation},pdfauthor={Jane Karanja, Dr. Sahle Tesfai},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Biodiversity, empowered, indigenous Ogiek community, livelihoods, Mau forest},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2016.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2016.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Enhancing Indigenous Ogiek Participation in Forest Management for Improved Livelihood and Biodiversity Conservation\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Jane Karanja, Network for Ecofarming in Africa,, Environmental Conversation., Mburu Gichua Road, 20100~Nakuru, Kenya, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{jane_karanja2001@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Jane Karanja$^{1}$, Dr. Sahle Tesfai$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Network for Ecofarming in Africa,, Environmental Conversation., Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Network for Ecofarming in Africa, Management, }}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Karanja, Jane}
\index[author]{Tesfai, Dr. Sahle}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Network for Eco"=farming in Africa (NECOFA) was registered in Kenya as a community based Non"=governmental organisation in 2003. It promotion Eco farming: ecologically and socially sustainable land management working with resource poor communities, schools and colleges towards realisation of food security, youth empowerment and ecological sustainability in Africa. 



The Mau Forest complex is the largest remaining near"=contiguous block of montane indigenous forest in East Africa covering about 350,\mbox{000\,ha} and is situated about 170 km north"=west of Nairobi. Between 1970 and 2005 the forest faced wanton destruction which resulted in erosion of eroded forest biodiversity including flora and fauna; flow of rivers that also affected lake levels and livelihood for minority indigenous Ogiek community. Excision and subsequent ``shrinking'' of biodiversity rich indigenous forest greatly affected and interfered with ogiek culture, livelihood and exposed them to serious economic exploitation.  



The Ogiek people are the most marginalised of all indigenous peoples and minorities in Kenya. They are traditionally a hunter gatherer community who survived mainly on wild fruits and roots, game hunting and traditional bee keeping and are, therefore, friendly to the environment on which they depended and therefore suffered most from the destruction of the forest which has also forced them to change their ways of life.



In partnership with local and international partners necofa partnered with the Ogiek community since 2010 in restoration of  Kiptunga forest biodiversity and improving community livelihood. Activities undertaken in this initiative include: development of Participatory Forest Management Plan and Forest Management Agreement which empowered the Ogiek community to co"=manage the forest with government; tree planting sourcing seedlings from local nurseries; introduction of energy saving stoves and household woodlots to reduce pressure on forest and reduce drudgery for women and girls; commercialising forest beekeeping and honey harvesting, introducing forest"=based ecotourism, harvesting and commercialising forest herbs for improved household incomes and strengthening inter"=generational knowledge transfer through school gardening and forest excursions. 



The initiative also conducts education for Ogiek community to enhance understanding of their civil rights and responsibilities.  







}

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Biodiversity, empowered, indigenous Ogiek community, livelihoods, Mau forest
\index[key]{Mau Forest}
\index[key]{Indigenous Ogiek Community}
\index[key]{Biodiversity}
\index[key]{Livelihoods}
\index[key]{Empowered}
\end{document}
