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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Sustainable Use of Bio"=waste in Rural and Urban Regions in South- and South"=east-asia},pdfauthor={Michael Böhme, Hung Anh Le},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Bio-waste, controlled composting, decomposition of cellulose material, fungi and bacteria, organic fertiliser},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\begin{document}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{Sustainable Use of Bio"=waste in Rural and Urban Regions in South- and South"=east-asia\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Michael Böhme, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Dept. Horticultural Plant Systems, Lentzeallee 75, 14195~Berlin, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{michael.boehme@cms.hu-berlin.de}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Michael Böhme$^{1}$, Hung Anh Le$^{2}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Dept. Horticultural Plant Systems, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Institute for Environmental Sciences Engineering and Management, }}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Böhme, Michael}
\index[author]{Le, Hung Anh}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In many South- and South-East-Asian countries is a gap between demands of organic material for improving the soil fertility and the sources or technologies to provide such material. On the other hand there are available many sources of biodegradable waste material. Whether, the collecting of compostable organic waste from households, markets and the industry is still problematic. The best and sustainable way to convert the bio"=waste from different sources in organic fertiliser is composting. Following our investigations, the supply of NPK is realised in Germany with about \mbox{40\,\%} by use of compost and in Vietnam with \mbox{1\,\%} only. Therefore, new organic sources are required and new technologies have to be developed in order to increase the amount of organic fertilisers. The available bio"=wastes in countries as Bangladesh and Vietnam, e.g. sugar cane bagasse, sugar cane and banana leaves, wheat straw, coconut residual and wood shavings, however, have high content of cellulose and lignin and therefore a slow decomposition rate. In order to enhance decomposition of such materials, specific technology have to be developed. Enhancing of the decomposition was tested by adding of eight specific microorganisms (bacteria, actinobacteria and fungi) to the organic materials. Temperature development, decomposition rate, pH and EC values, the 



C: N ratio and the compost quality were analysed. In all variants with adding microorganisms, the decomposition rate was enhanced considerably and the compost quality was improved in comparison to the control. For composting different types of container were used. Very good decomposition rate in short time were determined by use of a mix of different microorganisms and use of rotating containers.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Bio"=waste, controlled composting, decomposition of cellulose material, fungi and bacteria, organic fertiliser
\index[key]{Bio"=waste}
\index[key]{Controlled composting}
\index[key]{Decomposition of cellulose material}
\index[key]{Fungi and bacteria}
\index[key]{Organic!fertilizer}
\end{document}
