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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Inga and Camëntsá Indigenous Agroforestry Systems in Colombia as Suppliers of Provisioning, Regulating, and Cultural Ecosystem Services},pdfauthor={Vandreé Julián Palacios Bucheli, Wolfgang Bokelmann},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Aesthetic landscapes, carbon sequestration, food, home garden, silvopastoral},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Inga and Camëntsá Indigenous Agroforestry Systems in Colombia as Suppliers of Provisioning, Regulating, and Cultural Ecosystem Services\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Vandreé Julián Palacios Bucheli, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences, Binger Str. 57, 14197~Berlin, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{vandreep@gmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Vandreé Julián Palacios Bucheli$^{1}$, Wolfgang Bokelmann$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences, Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences (ADTI), Germany}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Palacios Bucheli, Vandreé Julián}
\index[author]{Bokelmann, Wolfgang}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The identification of the agroforestry systems of the Camëntsá and Inga communities is of vital importance for further valuation of ecosystem services. The present enquiry was based on a quantitative research strategy and a cross"=sectional research design. In order to identify the indigenous agrarian systems and the whole population, a census was conducted in five villages of the Sibundoy Valley, Colombia. The unit of analysis was the indigenous farm; therefore, every household was visited and asked about their agrarian systems, land tenure, and economic activities.



One hundred and forty"=five households were found dwelling in the assessed territory. Three types of agroforestry systems were found: silvopastoral covering the largest area (\mbox{59.5\,\%}), agrosilvopastoral comprised of home gardens (\mbox{21\,\%}), and agrisilvicultural (\mbox{9.8\,\%}) involving the market"=oriented crops growing under woody perennial species. In addition to agroforestry, some households (\mbox{9.7\,\%}) own lands on the upper surroundings, covered by natural vegetation. Out of the 145 families found, 123 make use of the home garden on the farm. For 40 households, the home garden is the only system they rely on, and 20 families have two home gardens on the farm. The high number of people with home gardens explains why, despite its small size (from 120 m$^{2}$ to \mbox{3\,ha}), it occupies relevant land coverage of \mbox{69\,ha}, making it the second largest system.



Food, natural medicines, fuel, and fiber are the prevailing final services obtained from the agroforestry system of the Camëntsá and Inga communities. The provision of these goods lets the communities meet some basic needs of self"=consumption; additionally, the households generate income from the production surplus sales. The market and subsistence scheme of the agroforestry systems increases the possibilities for accomplishing well"=being. Other ecosystem services involved within the agroforestry systems are regulating and cultural. Regulating services are related to the fluctuations in levels of soil loss, habitat for wildlife, crop protection through formation of microclimate, and carbon sequestration. Cultural heritage and aesthetic landscapes are the final cultural services involved in the agroforestry systems.



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Aesthetic landscapes, carbon sequestration, food, home garden, silvopastoral
\index[key]{Aesthetic landscapes}
\index[key]{Carbon sequestration}
\index[key]{Food}
\index[key]{Home garden}
\index[key]{Silvopastoral}
\end{document}
