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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Edible Insects of Ghana: Opportunities for a Food Secure World},pdfauthor={Jacob Anankware Paarechuga, Daniel Obeng-Ofori},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Classification, edible insects, identification, palm weevil larva, termites},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Edible Insects of Ghana: Opportunities for a Food Secure World\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Jacob Anankware Paarechuga, Aspire Food Group, Research and Production Unit, Kings Cottage Chapel, Denkyemouso, Kumasi, Ghana, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{anankware@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Jacob Anankware Paarechuga$^{1}$, Daniel Obeng-Ofori$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Aspire Food Group, Research and Production Unit, Ghana}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Energy and Natural Resources, Dept. of Horticulture and Crop Production, Ghana}}}
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\index[author]{Anankware Paarechuga, Jacob}
\index[author]{Obeng-Ofori, Daniel}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
A survey was conducted to identify and taxonomically classify the major neglected and underutilised edible insects of Ghana in order to assist in developing programmes for their enhanced utilisation.  Two thousand questionnaires were administered using key informant interviews, focus group discussions and direct observation to randomly selected respondents in all the ten regions of Ghana. A total of nine different species of major edible insects belonging to four orders were identified. The nine edible insects in Ghana are: palm weevil (\textit{Rhynchophorus phoenicis} Fabricius) larvae, termites (\textit{Macrotermes bellicosus} Smeathman), ground crickets (\textit{Scapteriscus vicinus} Scudder), field crickets (\textit{Gryllus similis} Chapman), house cricket (\textit{Acheta domesticus} Linnaeus), grasshopper (\textit{Zonocerus variegatus} Linnaeus), locust (\textit{Locusta migratoria} Linnaeus), shea tree (\textit{Cirina butyrospermi} Vuillot) caterpillar and scarab beetle (\textit{Phyllophaga nebulosa} Harris) larvae. The scarab beetle (\mbox{2\,\%}), field cricket (\mbox{5\,\%}), shea tree caterpillar (\mbox{8.7\,\%}), ground cricket (9.5) and the locust (10) were the least consumed insects whereas palm weevil larvae (\mbox{47.2\,\%}), termites (\mbox{45.9\,\%}), house cricket (\mbox{33.3\,\%}) and grasshopper (\mbox{30.5\,\%}) were the most consumed insects in Ghana. Northern Ghana currently dominates in entomophagy; especially the Upper West and Upper East regions where eight out of the nine identified insects are consumed. Whereas the honey bee and termite were consumed in all the ten regions of Ghana, the palm larva was consumed mainly in the middle belt and southern Ghana; where the palm tree thrives. The other insects are consumed mainly in the northern part of Ghana. Termites, field crickets, ground crickets, house crickets, grasshoppers and locusts are consumed by almost all tribes in Ghana.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Classification, edible insects, identification, palm weevil larva, termites
\index[key]{Classification}
\index[key]{Edible insects}
\index[key]{Identification}
\index[key]{Palm weevil larva}
\index[key]{Termites}
\end{document}
