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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Do Farmers in Southern Mali Benefit Economically More from Exotic Sudanese Fulani Zebu Than from Local N'dama Cattle?},pdfauthor={Sekou Amadou Traoré, Christoph Reiber, Anne Valle Zárate},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Crossbred cattle, economic performance, Mali, N'Dama, Sudanese Fulani Zebu},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Do Farmers in Southern Mali Benefit Economically More from Exotic Sudanese Fulani Zebu Than from Local N'dama Cattle?\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Sekou Amadou Traoré, University of Hohenheim, Inst. of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), 70593~Stuttgart, Germany, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{traoresekou@hotmail.de}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Sekou Amadou Traoré$^{1}$, Christoph Reiber$^{2}$, Anne Val\-le Zá\-ra\-te$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Hohenheim, Inst. of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Hohenheim, Inst. of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), Germany}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$University of Hohenheim, Inst. of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute), Germany}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Traoré, Sekou Amadou}
\index[author]{Reiber, Christoph}
\index[author]{Val\-le Zá\-ra\-te, Anne}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
In southern Mali, about \mbox{60\,\%} of the households own a cattle herd. There, the local N'Dama breed, the Sudanese Fulani Zebu breed as well as crosses between these two breeds are raised by farmers. A trend towards more crossbred and Zebu cattle in the region is observed, which may endanger the local breed, regarded as a unique genetic resource.



This study aims to compare the economic performance of N'Dama cattle, Zebu cattle and their crossbreds and their determinants in order to assess their production efficiency. Data collection methods comprised interviews with 34, 31, 34 and 61 households keeping N'Dama, crossbreds, Zebu and mixed herds, respectively. The economic performance of cattle production was evaluated on the basis of gross margin (GM), net benefit (NB) and benefit---cost ratio (BCR). Non"=market benefit such as meat and milk offtake for home consumption, value of draught power and manure used on"=farm, change in stock value as well as financing and insurance benefit were included in NB and BCR. Data were analysed using a linear mixed model considering herd category (N'Dama, crossbred, Zebu, mixed), farm size, cattle herd size, calving and offtake rate. 



The GM was strongly affected by the interaction between offtake rate and herd category and negatively affected by farm size. GM was highest in Zebu herds, whereas lowest in N'Dama herds due to low offtake rate (\mbox{5.8\,\%}) found in this herd category. Despite higher veterinary and feeding costs, farmers keeping crossbreds and Zebu benefited from higher market prices. Herd category did not significantly affected the NB ($p = 0.18$); but had a significant effect on the BCR ($p < 0.01$) which was the highest for N'Dama herds (4.5) and lowest for crossbred herds (2.9). NB was significantly affected by calving rate ($p < 0.01$) indicating the importance of this herd reproductive factor for the success of cattle production. 



The N'Dama cattle remain a valuable breed for farms with high non"=market benefit from cattle and limited investment capacity in better health care and feeding in southern Mali, whereas Zebu and crossbred cattle are the most favourable option for market"=oriented farmers.







}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Crossbred cattle, economic performance, Mali, N'Dama, Sudanese Fulani Zebu
\index[key]{Crossbred cattle}
\index[key]{Economic!performance}
\index[key]{Mali}
\index[key]{N'Dama}
\index[key]{Sudanese Fulani Zebu}
\end{document}
