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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Investigation of the Water Pollution in Pune City, India},pdfauthor={Mohammed Elhassan, Mudawi Elobeid, Afrah Mohammed},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Environmental health, India, Kondhwa, Pune, risk assessment, water pollution},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Investigation of the Water Pollution in Pune City, India\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Mudawi Elobeid, University of Khartoum, Department of Silviculture, Khartoum, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{emudawi@hotmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Mohammed Elhassan$^{1}$, Mudawi Elobeid$^{2}$, Afrah Mohammed$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Rae Company for Environmental Services, Department of Environmental Studies, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$University of Khartoum, Department of Silviculture, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Princess Nora Bent Abdulrahman University, Dept. of Biology, Saudi Arabia}}}
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\index[author]{Elhassan, Mohammed}
\index[author]{Elobeid, Mudawi}
\index[author]{Mohammed, Afrah}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problem threatening the well"=being of human and other biological communities world"=wide. Such a problem is principally caused by irrational human activities in addition to other agents. The objective of this study was to investigate the environmental health status in relation to water pollution. The study area selected was Kondhwa which is a fast growing suburb of Pune region, the cultural capital of Maharashtra, India and considered an emerging megacity. Due to rapid urbanisation a lot of issues mainly health problems related with access to basic necessities (clean water, clean air, and environmental management) have emerged. High rate of urbanisation is proportional to increased migration of people from rural areas giving rise to slums that further compete with others thus putting a constraint in the resources and facilities leading to degradation the environment and consequently causing critical environmental health issues. Risk assessment of the study area Kondhwa which is an upcoming commercial hub was chosen, which included a residential area and three slum pockets. Drinking water quality as a sensitive health determinant was analysed and evaluated via microbiological techniques. No significant contamination of drinking water was observed. Percentage of contaminated sample was \mbox{25\,\%}, \mbox{0\,\%} and \mbox{25\,\%} in monsoon, winter and summer, respectively. However higher levels of contamination was observed in monsoon. Primary observations in Pune have also showed that various diarrheal and other diseases which spread widely in the study area were strongly linked with in"=adequate water supplies and sanitary conditions. The current findings obviously indicated that water pollution in Pune city is ranked the most important environmental risk problem from which millions of inhabitants are suffering. Further experimental work is required to find out appropriate mitigation measures to resolve the problem of water pollution in Pune.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Environmental health, India, Kondhwa, Pune, risk assessment, water pollution
\index[key]{Environmental!health}
\index[key]{India}
\index[key]{Kondhwa}
\index[key]{Pune}
\index[key]{Risk!assessment}
\index[key]{Water!pollution}
\end{document}
