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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Rainwater Harvesting and Food Security in Guanacaste, Costa Rica},pdfauthor={Rigoberto Rodriguez},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Climate change, family, food security, production, water harvesting},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Rainwater Harvesting and Food Security in Guanacaste, Costa Rica\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Rigoberto Rodriguez, National University of Costa Rica, Mesoamerican Sustainable Development Center of Dry Tropic, Nicoya, Costa Rica, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{rigo_rodriguez@hotmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Rigoberto Rodriguez}}
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\item[]{\small{\textit{National University of Costa Rica, Mesoamerican Sustainable Development Center of Dry Tropic, Costa Rica}}}
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\index[author]{Rodriguez, Rigoberto}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The Guanacaste region located in the northwest corner of Costa Rica is one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change. Reductions in rainfall and temperature increases are severely affecting especially small farmers and poor families. In 2014--2015, due to El Niño, a phenomenon of climate variability caused agricultural losses of about US\$30 million, mainly affecting farmers, vegetable growers and sugar cane and rice producers. 



The water is becoming scarce every year. This affects not only production but also the daily life of families. In many cases, family members have to migrate during the dry season in search of work elsewhere, and therefore leaving their farms, relatives and investments behind.



Considering this problematic situation, the Mesoamerican Center for Sustainable Development of Dry Tropics has been working with small communities in the implementation of new production technologies, particularly the use of rain water harvesting and irrigation systems. The aim of the project is to determine the technical and economic feasibility of using water harvesting on small farms.



With the projects, reservoirs of water have been built and new production areas implemented. Some communities in Guanacaste are beginning to use water harvesting technologies, in order to solve, at least in part, the problem shortage of water.



The collected water is used to irrigate vegetables, which are then consumed by households. In addition, during the rainy season, while the water is stored, the reservoirs are used for growing tilapia, a species of fish that is harvested after five months. This contributes to improve the family diet because, until recently, they did not have the possibility of consuming several products now available. Therefore, food safety is improved.



In addition, some products may be sold, helping to improve family income. There are other benefits associated with the implementation of the technology that have to do with environmental factors, such as reducing erosion, recharging groundwater and scenic beauty benefits.



This is a family process, since more young, men and women, stay at the farm and contribute with labour, propitiating the family integration. 



}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Climate change, family, food security, production, water harvesting
\index[key]{Climate change}
\index[key]{Family}
\index[key]{Food!security}
\index[key]{Production}
\index[key]{Water!harvesting}
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