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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Nitrogen Management as Affecting Development of Super Early Genotypes of Dry Bean},pdfauthor={Adriano Stephan Nascente, Alexandre Bryan Heinemann, Rosa Paulo Holanda},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Brazilian cerrado, early application of N, fertilisation, phaseolus vulgaris L, sustainable agriculture},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Nitrogen Management as Affecting Development of Super Early Genotypes of Dry Bean\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Adriano Stephan Nascente, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Rice and Beans, P.O. Box 179, Highway 462, km 12, 75.375-000~Santo Antônio de Goiás, Brazil, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{adriano.nascente@embrapa.br}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Adriano Stephan Nascente$^{1}$, Alexandre Bryan Heinemann$^{2}$, Rosa Paulo Holanda$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), Rice and Beans, Brazil}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa, Embrapa Rice and Beans, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa, Embrapa Rice and Beans, }}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Nascente, Adriano Stephan}
\index[author]{Heinemann, Alexandre Bryan}
\index[author]{Paulo Holanda, Rosa}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The common bean has economic importance in several countries and is considered an important source of protein for the people. The use of irrigated super early cycle genotypes (SEG) of common bean would allow achieving high grain yields in shortest time thus providing irrigation water and power savings, and could also allow best land use, such as cultivation of two crops during the rainy season, or even up to three crops during the same year in irrigated areas. Besides, the use of SEG would provide the reduction in costs and production risks, since the cultivar with shortest cycle provides the most rapid withdrawal of the crop from the field. These genotypes have life cycle of 65--75 days, while traditional cultivars have 90--100 days. Therefore, the management of N in these SEGs needs to be validated, as they have life cycle \mbox{40\,\%} lower than traditional cultivars. This study aimed to evaluate SEG of dry bean development as affected by timing of nitrogen application. Field experiments were conducted in the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons in central Brazil with a randomised block experimental design with split plots scheme and four replicates. The plots comprised the dry bean genotypes (Colibri --- check cultivar, CNFC 15873, CNFC 15874, and CNFC 15875), and subplots comprised applications of N at different timings: \mbox{90\,kg} of N at sowing, \mbox{90\,kg} N at top"=dressing; \mbox{45\,kg} of N at sowing plus \mbox{45\,kg} at top"=dressing, with urea as the source of N. We also used a control treatment without N application. The CNFC 15874 super early genotype of dry bean had the higher grain yield (\mbox{2776\,kg} ha$^{-1}$) and differed from the CNFC 15873 genotype (\mbox{2492\,kg} ha$^{-1}$). Nitrogen fertilisation allowed higher grain yield (\mbox{2619\,kg} ha$^{-1}$, when applied N at sowing; \mbox{2605\,kg} ha$^{-1}$, when applied N at sowing and at top"=dressing; and \mbox{2680\,kg} ha$^{-1}$, when applied N at top"=dressing) than the control, \mbox{2360\,kg} ha$^{-1}$ (no N fertilisation). The time of N fertilisation in super early genotype of dry bean did not affect grain yield. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Brazilian cerrado, early application of N, fertilisation, phaseolus vulgaris L, sustainable agriculture
\index[key]{Brazilian cerrado}
\index[key]{Early application of N}
\index[key]{Fertilisation}
\index[key]{Phaseolus vulgaris@\textit{Phaseolus vulgaris} L}
\index[key]{Sustainable!agriculture}
\end{document}
