\documentclass[english,german]{scrartcl}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{verbose,a4paper,tmargin=1.75cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm,headheight=0.8cm,headsep=0.5cm,footskip=0.5cm}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{url}
\urlstyle{same}
\newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{same}\Url}\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{units}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{wasysym} % enable use of \permil instead of \textperthousand
\usepackage{marvosym}
\usepackage{arabtex}
\usepackage{hyphenat}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mdwlist}
\renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\relax}
\usepackage{index}
\newindex{key}{kdx}{knd}{Keywords}
\newindex{author}{idx}{ind}{Authors}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\fancyfoot{}
\usepackage{ifpdf}
\ifpdf
%\usepackage[activate]{pdfcprot}
%\usepackage[owner=Tapioka, print=true, copy=true, edit=false, annotate=false,set]{pdfcrypt}
%encryption: not supported any more (since pdftex 1.10)
\usepackage[pdftex]{thumbpdf}
\usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{pdftitle={World Bank Assisted Agricultural Projects and Sustainable Land Management:lessons from Fadama111 Project, Southeast Nigeria},pdfauthor={Jonathan Okechukwu Alimba, Chukwuma Okereke, Charles Mbah},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Environmental, fADAMA111, Nigeria, Southeast, Sustainable},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
\else
\usepackage{ae}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\fi
\begin{document}
\ifpdf
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2016.jpg}}}
\else
\parbox[b]{2.5cm}{\resizebox*{2.5cm}{!}{\includegraphics{dtt2016.eps}}}
\fi
\hfill
\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
\hspace{0.1cm}
\begin{center}
\Large{\textbf{World Bank Assisted Agricultural Projects and Sustainable Land Management:lessons from Fadama111 Project, Southeast Nigeria\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Jonathan Okechukwu Alimba, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, Agricultural Economics, Management and Extension, No. 20 Onuziakulu Close Opposite Enugu East Local Government Officenike, Enugu, Nigeria, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{okeyalimba@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Jonathan Okechukwu Alimba$^{1}$, Chukwuma Okereke$^{2}$, Charles Mbah$^{3}$}}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, Agricultural Economics, Management and Extension, Nigeria}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Ebonyi State University, Agricultural Economics, Management and Extension, Nigeria}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Ebonyi State University, Soil Science and Environmental Management, Nigeria}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Alimba, Jonathan Okechukwu}
\index[author]{Okereke, Chukwuma}
\index[author]{Mbah, Charles}
\begin{center}
\vspace{1.1cm}
\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The World Bank assisted Third National Agricultural Project (FADAMA111)was a scale"=up of two initial pilot agricultural projects(FADAMA 1 and 11)to the 36 states of Nigeria.Due to the observed environmental issues at the conclusion of the pilot projects,the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) grant was en grafted into the FADAMA111, and dedicated wholly to Sustainable Land Management (SLM). The aim of this initiative was to encourage FADAMA111 participating communities and farmers to adopt practices that reduce the threat of land degradation and climate risks in the agro"=ecosystem. The over"=arching objective of the study is to critically assess the level of adoption and use of SLM systems by participating farmers in the ecological fragile Southeast zone of Nigeria.Lessons learnt from the study could assist The Bank in better handling of SLM systems in future agricultural project interventions in Nigeria and elsewhere. Data for the study were collected from a sample of 360 farmers drawn from FADAMA111 Users Groups (FUGs), using both random and systematic sampling techniques. Data collected using interview schedules, were analysed with both descriptive and inferential statistics, including factor analysis.Results show that mean farm size of the farmers was 2.1 hectares, implying that they were mainly smallholder farmers. There was low mean adoption rate of \mbox{26\,\%} of all recommended SLM practices.The choice of the SLM technology and technique to adopt was influenced by size of land available to the farmer,ease of application of the practice, perceived environmental benefits of the practice,perceived cost and returns of the practice and compatibility with indigenous knowledge. The F-ratio shows a significant relationship between the socioeconomic attributes of the farmers and sustainable land management practices adopted.Using factor analysis, the critical factors that constrained the farmers from adopting the SLM practices extended to them were grouped into three issues.First was institutional/communal, the second was socioeconomic and the last technical issues. We recommend that the Nigeria government should hasten to amend the 1978 land use act to make for easier land acquisition and consolidation, while the World Bank should critically address the three issues identified for future SLM investment. }

\vspace{0.5cm}
\end{abstract}
\end{center}
\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Environmental, fADAMA111, Nigeria, Southeast, Sustainable
\index[key]{Environmental}
\index[key]{FADAMA111}
\index[key]{Nigeria}
\index[key]{Southeast}
\index[key]{Sustainable}
\end{document}
