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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Bio"=Oil from Pyrolysis of Cashew Nut Shell: A Near New Value Chain in Benin},pdfauthor={Thierry Godjo},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Anacardium occidentale, Benin, cashew nut, energy recovery, pyrolysis oil, value chain},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Bio"=Oil from Pyrolysis of Cashew Nut Shell: A Near New Value Chain in Benin\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Thierry Godjo, Université de Lokossa, B.P. 133, Lokossa, Benin, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{thierrygodjo@hotmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Thierry Godjo}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{Université de Lokossa, Benin}}}
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\index[author]{Godjo, Thierry}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Benin is one of the African producer countries of cashews (\textit{Anacardic occidental} L). Unfortunately most produced cashew nuts (\mbox{95\,\%}) are exported unprocessed. This makes losing great value to the country. In order to increase the rate of cashew nuts processing in Benin several researches were carried out. The processing of Cashew Nut Shells (CNS) in bio"=oil is an example. Indeed, biomass in the form of CNS represents a renewable and abundant source of energy. In this research, CNS obtained from two local cashew nut processing plants (Kake-5 and Nad \& Co) were pyrolysed in a Pyrolysis Reactor (PR) designed by Cefrepade and fabricated at University of Lokossa. About \mbox{500\,kg} of the CNS were used in the PR. The PR (400--500°C) is connected to a condensing unit, in order to effectively recover the exhaust gases. The temperature of the PR and that of the exhaust gas stream were measured and recorded at regular intervals. The volatiles which condensed at the condensing unit were collected, the heating was stopped when no significant changes in temperature and gas condensates was observed. The mass of pyrolysis oil produced was determined by mass balance calculation of the whole recovery system, before and after the experiment. The pyrolysis vapours were condensed to get a combustible oil fraction: bio oil. This oil is tick dark brown and represents \mbox{20\,\%} of the hull mass processed. The detailed chemical compositional analysis (moisture content, specific gravity, viscosity, saponification value, Iodine value, acid value, pH, calorific value) of the oil was carried out. The pyrolysis oil was found to be a renewable natural resource and marked absence of anacardic acid. Also, the oil has been found to be fairly stable. The oil was completely miscible in diesel.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} \textit{Anacardium occidentale}, Benin, cashew nut, energy recovery, pyrolysis oil, value chain
\index[key]{Anacardium occidentale@\textit{Anacardium occidentale}}
\index[key]{Benin}
\index[key]{Cashew nut}
\index[key]{Energy!recovery}
\index[key]{Pyrolysis oil}
\index[key]{Value chain}
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