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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Spatial Characteristics of a Semi"=arid Scrubland with Silvo"=pastoral Management in Nuevo Leon, Mexico},pdfauthor={Pamela Canizales Velázquez, Oscar Alberto Aguirre Calderon, Ernesto Rubio Camacho, Eduardo Alanis  Rodriguez, Eduardo Javier Treviño Garza},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Ebenopsis ebano, Prosopis laevigata, ripley´s K},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\begin{document}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Spatial Characteristics of a Semi"=arid Scrubland with Silvo"=pastoral Management in Nuevo Leon, Mexico\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Pamela Canizales Velázquez, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Department of Silviculture, Carretera Nacional Km. 145, 67700~Linares, Mexico, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{pamcanizales@hotmail.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Pamela Canizales Velázquez$^{1}$, Oscar Alberto Aguirre Cal\-de\-ron$^{2}$, Ernesto Rubio Camacho$^{3}$, Eduardo Alanis  Rodriguez$^{4}$, Eduardo Javier Treviño Garza$^{5}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Department of Silviculture, Mexico}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, School of Forest Sciences, Mexico}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Manejo Forestal Sustentable y Servicios Ambientales, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{4}$Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Dept. of Silviculture, Mexico}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{5}$Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Dept. of Silviculture and Forest Management, Mexico}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Canizales Velázquez, Pamela}
\index[author]{Aguirre Cal\-de\-ron, Oscar Alberto}
\index[author]{Rubio Camacho, Ernesto}
\index[author]{Alanis  Rodriguez, Eduardo}
\index[author]{Treviño Garza, Eduardo Javier}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
The silvo"=pastoral systems play an important role in the arid and semi"=arid ecosystems of the country and development of livestock activities is vital in northern Mexico. Forest spatial structure is an important clue to understand the dynamics of forest communities as well as species composition. Also knowledge of the spatial structure can help the development of silvicultural systems and management strategies. This study was conducted to assess the spatial structure of the tree community of a silvo"=pastoral system in a scrubland in the centre"=south of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Were established four sites of 2,500 m$^{2}$ (50 m\,$\times$\,\mbox{50\,m}) each and were evaluated and recorded all individuals $\geq$ \mbox{7.5\,cm} diameter (d1.30). Was determined the species of each individual, the normal diameter, total height and crown diameter. The spatial patterns were analysed Ripley´s K function in its standard form univariate Lmm(r) and to determine the degree of correlation between diameters per site was used the mark correlation function (MCF). The main species were Prosopis laevigata and Ebenopsis ebano. The community showed random structures in three of the sites studied, and showed trees clumped over short distances. And showed predominance of trees in the larger diameter categories. The mark correlation function showed high variation in sites without a trend towards an even distribution according to diameter was observed. Therefore the high heterogeneity of the spatial characteristics of tree diameters may be due to management. Spatial characteristics of semi"=arid communities in northeastern Mexico provides an overview of its growth and spatial distribution, this for improve or implement management strategies in more areas.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Ebenopsis ebano, Prosopis laevigata, ripley´s K
\index[key]{Ebenopsis ebano}
\index[key]{Prosopis laevigata}
\index[key]{Ripley´s K}
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