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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Nutritional Security in Lushoto, Tanzania: Interactions Between Farm Management, Household Food Security and Soil Fertility},pdfauthor={Simon Fraval, Mark van Wijk, Lannerstad Mats},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Lushoto, nutrition, sustainability, Tanzania},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Nutritional Security in Lushoto, Tanzania: Interactions Between Farm Management, Household Food Security and Soil Fertility\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Simon Fraval, International Livestock Research Institute, Livestock Systems and Environment, Old Naivasha Road, Nairobi, Kenya, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{s.fraval@cgiar.org}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Simon Fraval$^{1}$, Mark van Wijk$^{2}$, Lannerstad Mats$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$International Livestock Research Institute, Livestock Systems and Environment, Kenya}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$International Livestock Ressearch Institute, Livestock Systems and Environment, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$International Livestock Ressearch Institute, Livestock Systems and Environment, }}}
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\index[author]{Fraval, Simon}
\index[author]{van Wijk, Mark}
\index[author]{Mats, Lannerstad}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
There are strong interactions between livelihood strategies, nutritional security and natural resources for small holder farmers in East Africa. In particular high potential production areas often exhibit strong trade"=offs between short to medium term household welfare objectives and the sustainability of the underpinning natural resource base. This paper couples longitudinal household data from Lushoto ward in Tanzania (2012 to 2015) and remotely sensed indicators (2000 to 2015) to assess the diverse range of strategies employed by smallholders. 







Responses from a representative sample of 149 households showed that livelihood strategies vary by farm size, off"=farm income and household structure. Further, village level interviews suggested long term trends of deforestation, increasing crop specialisation, reducing land sizes, deteriorating irrigation infrastructure and limited social safety nets for the most basic of needs. Remote sensing (World View 2 and MODIS products) provided insights into soil health, water resources, vegetative indices, crop phenology, tree cover and plot size. Applied analyses link these data and show variation across the different household types and the food security status of these households.







Assessing household nutrition, livelihoods and the natural resource base is essential in understanding nutritional security for small holder farmers. Coupling household data with remote sensing products made it possible to identify households that otherwise would be identified as secure in terms of food availability and diet diversity, but that will be at risk in the near future. Future efforts to monitor the nutritional security of vulnerable communities will become increasingly accessible given refined household data work flows and increasingly available remotely sensed data. }

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Lushoto, nutrition, sustainability, Tanzania
\index[key]{Lushoto}
\index[key]{Nutrition}
\index[key]{Sustainability}
\index[key]{Tanzania}
\end{document}
