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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Shifts in Farming Knowledge and Practice --- the Case of Beans in Rwanda},pdfauthor={Chantal Broccard, Leonidas Dusengemungu, Dominic Blättler},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2016: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Adoption of innovation, beans, migration, rwanda, shifts in farming knowledge and practice},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 18-21, 2016, Vienna, Austria}}\\[1ex] \Large{``Solidarity in a competing world ---\\fair use of resources''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Shifts in Farming Knowledge and Practice --- the Case of Beans in Rwanda\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Chantal Broccard, Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH), School of Agriculture, Forest and Food Science Hafl, Rünkhofen 17, 3533~Bowil, Switzerland, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{chantal.broccard@students.bfh.ch}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Chantal Broccard$^{1}$, Leonidas Dusengemungu$^{2}$, Dominic Blättler$^{3}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH), School of Agriculture, Forest and Food Science Hafl, Switzerland}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Rwanda Agriculture Board Rab, Research Department, }}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{3}$Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH), School of Agriculture, Forest and Food Science Hafl, }}}
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\index[author]{Broccard, Chantal}
\index[author]{Dusengemungu, Leonidas}
\index[author]{Blättler, Dominic}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Rwanda is a place where, traditionally, there existed rich, detailed and diverse indigenous farming knowledge. The country has undergone profound changes after the war in the early 1990s affecting all spheres of life, including many issues of farming, and leading to high population dynamics. Today, Rwanda's `Vision 2020' aims for the transformation from subsistence agriculture to a knowledge"=based society built around agricultural intensification promoting the application of modern inputs and land use consolidation.



Focusing on bean cultivation, this study investigates how smallholders integrate their indigenous farming knowledge and practices with new forms of knowledge to do with crop intensification and external inputs. 



Concentrating on two study sites in Northern and Eastern Rwanda, the objective of the study is to better understand who has changed what in terms of bean cultivation, for which reasons, and when --- and to what extent migration plays a role in this. 



From survey interviews with a total of 120 farmers and in"=depth qualitative follow"=up discussions there emerges a picture of a change process in which agricultural cooperatives in collaboration with the extension services play a key role in reaching out to smallholders by transmitting new farming knowledge and practices. The adoption of new farming methods and enhanced market integration blends in with traditional practices, alters gender roles and reworks local risk mitigation strategies. 



Putting the nexus of shifts in bean cultivation and migration at centre stage, this study provides insights into how farmers' innovation behaviour can be influenced by long established roots in one single location or, alternatively, by adaptability needed to live and survive in different places.}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Adoption of innovation, beans, migration, rwanda, shifts in farming knowledge and practice
\index[key]{Adoption of innovation}
\index[key]{Beans}
\index[key]{Migration}
\index[key]{Rwanda}
\index[key]{Shifts in farming knowledge and practice}
\end{document}
