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Tropentag, September 17 - 19, 2014 in Prague, Czech Republic

"Bridging the gap between increasing knowledge and decreasing resources"


Assessment of Genetic Fidelity of Micropropagated Plants and in vitro Polyploidisation in Monarda didyma L.

Michaela Hrdlicková1, Eloy Fernández Cusimamani1, Jana Ziarovská2, José Luis Ros Santaella1, Aleš Holík3

1Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech Republic
2Slovak Agricultural University, Fac. of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovakia (Slovak Republic)
3Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Fac. of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech Republic


Abstract


Crimson beebalm (Monarda didyma L.) is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae, native to North America. Crimson beebalm has a high content of thymohydroquinone, dithymoquinone and thymoquinone. The main objective of this study was the development of an appropriate protocol for in vitro propagation of Crimson beebalm by using nodal segments and to obtain tetraploid plants (2n=64 chromosomes) from diploid plants (2n=32) by in vitro induced mitotic polyploidisation. For micropropagation the nodal segments were cultured on basal MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (KIN), indolyl-acetic acid (IAA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and with cytokinins/auxins combination of BAP with IAA and KIN with NAA for shoot and root induction. For the polyploidisation nodal segments of Monarda were exposed to 40, 60 and 80 µM oryzalin for 24 and 48 h. Genetic fidelity in regenerated plants was assessed using RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers.The highest multiplication rate was obtained from MS medium containing 0.5 mg l-1 of KIN (1.90±0.31 shoots per plant) and 1.5 mg l-1 of KIN (5.60±2.16 new nodes on longer shoots). The best root induction was achieved on medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l-1 IAA (6.70 ±4.84 roots per plant). Cultivation time was 60 days. The percentage of survival of plantlets under ex vitro conditions was 30 %. Tetraploid plants (2n=64) were obtained in concentration of 40 and 60 µM of oryzalin with treatment duration of 24 h. Triploid plant (2n=48) was obtained in concentration of 60 µM of oryzalin with treatment duration of 48 h. In total, the polyploidisation efficiency was 1.92%. RAPD analysis confirmed the genetic stability in micropropagated and polyploid plants.


Keywords: Genetic fidelity, in vitro, Lamiaceae, micropropagation, Monarda didyma, oryzalin, polyploidisation, root induction, shoot induction


Contact Address: Michaela Hrdlicková, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: hrdlickova.michaela@seznam.cz


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