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Tropentag, September 17 - 19, 2013 in Stuttgart-Hohenheim

"Agricultural development within the rural-urban continuum"


Situational Analysis of the Creole Pig Farming in Rural Areas of Otuzco District, Peru

Maria Virginia Linares Otoya1, Luis Jesus Linares Otoya2, Melissa Bocanegra1, Ronald Cristian Chambe1, Antony Lazaro Avalos1, Junior Nina Vega3, Carmen Ursula Alva Delgado1, Gilmar Mendoza 4

1Institute of Ecological, Agricultural and Urban Innovation UKU PACHA, Peru
2University of Bonn, Agricultural Science and Resources Management in Tropics and Subtropics (ARTS), Germany
3University of Cordoba, Ecological Livestock, Spain
4National University of Trujillo, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Peru


Abstract


The present study aimed at characterising the creole pig farming in Otuzco district, highest pork producer in the highlands region of La Libertad, Peru. 70 families from 5 towns in Otuzco district were interviewed. Socioeconomic situation of producers, the production systems, feeding and health care of pigs, production parameters, marketing and perception of farming were charactised. Data analysis included relative frequencies, means and standard deviations. 93.5% of the respondents were in poverty (monthly income less than $ 271). The production system was 100% traditional, with 3.5 ± 3.6 pigs per year and family. 66.7% of the production was marketed through middlemen. The management practices were disorganised, no programmed breedings (100%), no managed records (100%), and only 21.2% of the farmers had in mind the age and 10.6% the weight of the gilts in planning the breeding. Disease prevention consisted in free vaccination from state programs (71.5%), only 5.7% performed deworming pigs and 7.5% kept facilities sufficiently ventilated and disinfected. The genetic improvement consisted in hire boars (86.5%), however the improvement can not be assured because they didnt use any criteria to choose the boar. The number of births per year, the average age at weaning and litter size was 1.8, 56 days and 6.04 piglets, respectively. The age of slaughter was 285 ± 156 days with a slaughter weight of 53.7 ± 34.59 kg. The variability of the data was caused by animals being sold to satisfy the financial need of the family at any given time. The pig management system is agro pastoral, with the animals being grazed 9.8 ± 4.9 hours per day and addionality suplemented with herbs, grain harvest residues, or crop byproducts as boiled tubers. A minority of the farmers used concentrated feed like barley or corn. Pig mortality was less than 10%.


Keywords: Creole pig , farming , Otuzco


Contact Address: Luis Jesus Linares Otoya, University of Bonn, Agricultural Science and Resources Management in Tropics and Subtropics (ARTS), Bonn, Germany, e-mail: luis.lioto@hotmail.com


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