Tropentag, September 19 - 21, 2012 in Göttingen "Resilience of agricultural systems against crises"

Genetic Variability in Wild and Domestic Populations of Inga edulis Mart. (Fabaceae) in Peruvian Amazon

¹Czech Univerzity of Life Sciences Prague, Dept. of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry in the Tropics and Subtropics, Czech Republic
²Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Barnco, Department of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Portugal
³The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Experimental Botany, v.v.i - Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Czech Republic
⁴Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Agronomic Faculty, Peru
⁵National Institute of Biological Resources, Forest Research Unit, Portugal

Abstract

Human activity in the Peruvian Amazon causes native vegetation fragmentation into smaller units resulting on the increase of agricultural systems. Understanding the level, the structure and the origin of morphologic within and among populations variation is essential for planning better management strategies aimed at sustainable use and conservation of Inga edulis Mart. species. We evaluated the genetic variability in wild and domestic population to unfold cultivation changes over the species genetic resources. We have studied 400 adult trees: 200 cultivated on arable land and 200 wild growing in untouched lowland rain forest. The individuals were randomly selected. Sampling sites were selected and defined on the basis of the geographical coordinates: longitude, latitude and altitude. Phenotypic variation was monitored using the proposed descriptor of qualitative and quantitative features (e.g., weight of hundred seeds). For each individual a voucher specimen was kept. The total genomic DNA was extracted from young leaves, conserved in silica gel, with INVITEK, Invisorb ®Spin Plant Mini Kit. Samples were then genotyped with five microsatellite (SSR) loci. One locus (Pel5) was cross-transferred, developed previously for Pithecellobium elegans. The remaining four loci (Inga03, 05, 08, 33) were previously developed for the species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was made using a Biometra® T1 Thermocycler using the following profile: 95 °C for 2 min; 95°C for 15 s, 55/59 °C for 30 s, 72 °C for 30 s, 30 cycles; 72 °C for 15 min. The PCR products were fluorescently labelled. The visualisation of fragments was carried out according to standard protocols on genetic analyser, ABI PRISM® 310 (Applied Biosystems), using ABI GENESCAN and GENOTYPER software. The phenotypic and genotypic results of wild versus domestic populations are under evaluation to verify if cultivation is altering the allelic variation considering that morphology is considerably changed.

Keywords: Inga edulis, DNA, microsatellite locus, native vegetation, PCR, peruvian Amazon, population, variation

Contact Address: Alexandr Rollo, Czech Univerzity of Life Sciences Prague, Dept. of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry in the Tropics and Subtropics, Kamycka 129, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic, e-mail: rolloits.czu.cz