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\hypersetup{pdftitle={Contribution of Non"=Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) for Livelihood Development, Chances and Limitations in Sudan and Ehiopia},pdfauthor={Muneer Elyas Siddig Eltahir, Tariku Olana Jawo},pdfsubject={Tropentag 2010: Abstract},pdfkeywords={Deforestation, forest conservation, forest-dwelling, institutions, livelihood, NTFP},pdfpagemode=None,colorlinks=true}
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\parbox[b]{13.4cm}{\centering \large{\textbf{Tropentag, September 14-16, 2010, Zurich}}\\[1ex] \Large{``World Food System  ---\\A Contribution from Europe''\\[2ex]}}
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\Large{\textbf{Contribution of Non"=Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) for Livelihood Development, Chances and Limitations in Sudan and Ehiopia\footnote{\textbf{Contact Address:} Muneer Elyas Siddig Eltahir, University of Kordofan, Gum Arabic Research Centre, Gamaa Street, 51111~Elobeid, Sudan, \mbox{e-mail}: \email{moneer129@yahoo.com}}\\[0.8ex]}}
\normalsize{\textsc{Muneer Elyas Siddig Eltahir$^{1}$, Tariku Olana Jawo$^{2}$}}
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\begin{itemize*}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{1}$University of Kordofan, Gum Arabic Research Centre, Sudan}}}
\item[]{\small{\textit{$^{2}$Hawassa University, Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Ethiopia}}}
\end{itemize*}
\index[author]{Eltahir, Muneer Elyas Siddig}
\index[author]{Jawo, Tariku Olana}
\begin{center}
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\textbf{Abstract}
\begin{abstract}
\normalsize{
Forestry is a productive sector with significant effects on meeting national socio"=economic and environmental functions as well as the improvement of rural livelihoods. Non"=timber forest products (NTFPs) are wild plant and animal products harvested from forests. Millions of people --- especially those living in rural areas in Sudan and Ethiopia collect these products daily, and many regard selling them as a means of earning a living. NTFPs in particular have been widely advocated by conservation and development organisations as potential alternative livelihood strategies, particularly among vulnerable forest dependant households. Like in most tropical countries, NTFPs are relevant in the sustainable development of Ethiopia and Sudan that is particularly endowed with important forest resources. This paper aimed to review the contributions of NTFPs for livelihood development and to find out chances and limitations hindered enhancing benefits of NTFPs in both countries. To achieve the objectives of this paper, data were collected from relevant references and scientific papers and authors' experiences. The data, then analyzed, compared and briefly summarised.



The most important outcomes of this seminar paper were; non"=timber forest products play a great role in the livelihood development of rural people. Gum Arabic, coffee, spices and honey among NTFPs clearly contributed in national and international markets. Deforestation, forest degradation, lack of responsible institution, population growth, lack of social and economic infrastructure, technical information, pest and diseases are major factors hindering production and marketing of NTFPs in Ethiopia and Sudan. Finally, the paper conduced to some recommendations which might help for better understanding of the current conditions in both countries and help enhancing rural livelihood prosperity.







}

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\noindent \textbf{Keywords:} Deforestation, forest conservation, forest"=dwelling, institutions, livelihood, markets, NTFP
\index[key]{Deforestation}
\index[key]{Forest!conservation}
\index[key]{Forest!dwelling}
\index[key]{Institutions}
\index[key]{Livelihood}
\index[key]{NTFP!markets}
\index[key]{Gum Arabic}
\index[key]{Coffee}
\index[key]{Spices}
\index[key]{Honey}
\end{document}